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General Motors Company designs, builds, and sells cars, trucks, crossovers, and automobile parts worldwide. The company operates through GM North America, GM International, Cruise, and GM Financial segments. It markets its vehicles primarily under the Buick, Cadillac, Chevrolet, GMC, Holden, Baojun, and Wuling brand names. The company also sells trucks, crossovers, and cars to dealers for consumer retail sales, as well as to fleet customers, including daily rental car companies, commercial fleet customers, leasing companies, and governments. In addition, it offers safety and security services for retail and fleet customers, including automatic crash response, emergency services, crisis assist, stolen vehicle assistance, roadside assistance, and turn-by-turn navigation, as well as connected services comprising mobile applications for owners to remotely control their vehicles and electric vehicle owners to locate charging stations, on-demand vehicle diagnostics, smart driver, marketplace in-vehicle commerce, connected navigation, SiriusXM with 360L, and 4G LTE wireless connectivity. Further, the company provides automotive financing services; and operates an online new vehicle store. General Motors Company was founded in 1908 and is headquartered in Detroit, Michigan.

General Motors

generalmotors

General Motors has the support of fellow American automotive giant Ford, which wants to see the Andretti-GM union join them in Formula 1.

Key ally for Andretti and General Motors emerges in tricky F1 pursuit

On May 28, 2024, Mark Reuss, President of General Motors Co (NYSE:GM), executed a sale of 150,000 shares of the company.

Insider Sale: President Mark Reuss Sells 150,000 Shares of General Motors Co (GM)

GM has made the much-overlooked claim that by mid-decade, it expects to commercialize the most exotic of the stretch futuristic batteries currently on electric vehicle drawing boards. In remarks yesterday at Barclay’s Automotive Conference, GM CEO Mary Barra announced an explicit campaign to capture the lead in EV development from Tesla and everyone else in the industry. That included a 35% bump in EV development investment to $27 billion by 2025 and the deployment of EVs that will go up to a whopping 450 miles on a charge, farther than any of its major competitors have discussed. Most coverage of the presentation focused on plus the of the electric Cadillac Lyriq to the first quarter of 2022, nine months early. But the reports that focused on these developments missed the big news. Doug Parks, one of Barra’s executive vice presidents, said that GM’s next-generation EV battery, contained in its mid-decade EVs, will have a metallic lithium anode. those announcements accelerated release This is a : Because of the gargantuan energy lift that metallic lithium can bring, it has been a holy grail of the battery world for almost a half-century. But no one has managed to figure out how to get past an unfortunate side reaction, which is that metallic lithium catches fire, grows dangerous spikes that short circuit batteries, and is generally a difficult beast to tame. huge deal In September, the high-spending Silicon Valley startup in a reverse merger solely on the strength of its claim to have solved metallic lithium. QuantumScape’s partner is VW, which has suggested it, too, will have metallic lithium anodes in its batteries by 2025. QuantumScape went public But when QuantumScape failed to publicly release any data, leading independent battery experts withheld any cheering until they could see the goods. Likewise now with GM. I asked for thoughts on GM’s announcement from a few of the battery experts. One emailed back to say, “That’s bullshit.” A second, on WhatsApp, said, “That’s just crazy.” Parks said the anode would reduce the cost of GM’s batteries well below $100 per kWh, which has been another battery industry holy grail threshold. The tenor of the battery race is driving companies to make big moves and big claims. Ford has said it is spending $11.5 billion on electric vehicles over a five-year period ending in 2022. VW says it will spend on EV and hybrid technology by mid-decade. Tesla says its battery and cars. $54.5 billion it’s entirely reengineering “Tesla’s got a good jump, and they’ve done great things,” Parks told reporters in a pre-briefing Wednesday evening. “They’re formidable competitors … and there’s a lot of startups and everyone else invading this space. We’re not going to cede leadership there.” What GM is saying specifically is that by the middle of the decade, it will produce a second generation of its new lithium-ion EV battery, which it calls the Ultium. This battery will include a lithium-metal anode. It has already taken these pretty far, it says — achieving an impressive 500 charge-and-discharge cycles. Usually, EV batteries are thought to be ready for showtime when they can reliably do 1,000 charge-and-discharge cycles while retaining more or less the same capacity. Getting hundreds means it’s not quite there but is seriously robust. To questions yesterday from Barclays managing director Brian Johnson, Parks said the anode would reduce the cost of GM’s batteries well below $100 per kWh, which has been another battery industry holy grail threshold. Parks seemed in fact to say that the cost of the entire battery pack, including all the weight of the various filler and junk that surrounds the individual cells, would be well below $100 per kWh, which, if true, would be stunning. In response to a question I asked in the pre-briefing about the battery’s composition, Parks said the battery’s energy density would be 1,200 watt-hours per liter, a feat that experts I later spoke with had a hard time believing. The GM battery would differ from QuantumScape’s in that it is not solid state — it uses a liquid electrolyte. Parks said there is much work left to do scaling up the battery but that “we think we are at the leading edge of this curve.” Parks did not give a precise year in the mid-decade when all this will happen nor how many vehicles will feature the anode. In a statement, a company spokesman said there would be a “phase-in of many new technology areas related to EVs, including battery chemistry.” When I queried Jeff Sakamoto, a lithium-metal researcher at the University of Michigan, he said that using a liquid electrolyte with metallic lithium would make it “tough” to achieve any more than a few hundred charge-discharge cycles — “insufficient for EVs.” He said the rough 2025 time frame seemed optimistic. “To me, most of the underlying physics works out on paper, but there are still some knowledge gaps that must be bridged before any lithium solid-state battery can be considered a viable solution, especially for EVs.” Paul Albertus, a professor at the University of Maryland, said that GM would need to start production slowly because it will probably have to change the process it’s using to manufacture its current lithium-ion chemistry. “I think there’s also an aspect of starting small to see if any surprise field failures or challenges arise — put out a small vehicle run and wait a year or two and make sure no surprises happen, that type of thing,” he said. Albertus said he wouldn’t be surprised if GM totally misses the deadline and never produces a metallic lithium battery at all. But he added that he also wouldn’t be astonished if GM succeeds. “What makes me a little more optimistic is that we know there are some very large efforts working on this now,” he said. “… With automotive batteries growing so much in the coming 10 years, there’s now motivation to tackle something of the complexity of [metallic lithium]. There’s also been a lot of really good science finally getting done in the past few years, and that does help people innovate.” Read behind a paywall at https://themobilist.medium.com/gm-claims-its-on-the-verge-of-commercializing-the-most-exotic-battery-chemistry-of-all-a310254fd1e2

General Motor's Claims To Commercialise the Most Innovative Battery Technology

The world has been waiting for Nvidia's GTC 2025 conference (GPU Technology Conference) held in San Jose, California with a bundle of anticipation. This year, the giant chipmaker showcased the company's latest advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) and computing technologies. CEO Jensen Huang delivered a keynote address highlighting several significant announcements.​ Nvidia's GTC 2025 conference Nvidia's GTC 2025 conference Huang introduced its upcoming AI chip architectures, Blackwell Ultra, Vera Rubin, and Vera Rubin Ultra. Blackwell Ultra is slated for release later this year, offering enhanced memory capacity. Vera Rubin is expected in late 2026, featuring increased processing speeds, with Vera Rubin Ultra following in 2027. introduced introduced We spoke to Liam Galin of data analytics company SQream, a first timer at the annual conference, who thinks this is probably the most important conference when it comes to AI. Liam Galin Liam Galin SQream SQream “It's the combination of theoretical and practical AI and that is something that I really, really liked,” he says. This year’s event is expected to attract approximately 25,000 in-person attendees and a virtual participation of 300,000 attendees. As always, the event is attracting a diverse audience, including developers and AI engineers, business executives and investors, academia and researchers, automotive and robotics industry experts, healthcare and scientific computing specialists, and media and gaming enthusiasts. attract attract “It's a great place to get to know the industry,” says Galin. “You see the ecosystem, you see the partners, you see customers,” he gushes. Tech industry leaders, CEOs, and venture capitalists are present at the conference to explore investment opportunities and partnerships. “I'm looking at it from a business perspective, but the beauty of this conference is that there are many different opportunities for people from the academia, for programmers and for business people to meet their peers. It's very unique in the sense that it covers all the layers and all the fronts of the AI world,” he says. He points out that software developers working on AI, deep learning, and high-performance computing are of course attending the conference to learn about new tools, SDKs, and frameworks, and have a lot to gain. “I think that one of the key benefits of the conference, especially for developers, is the endless amount of workshops where they really touch the basics and the advanced capabilities that are relevant for different types of industries, different types of applications, and different type of technologies. “So, developers gain a lot in this conference and that's why in terms of demographics, you see a lot of developers coming to this conference. They come to this conference to absorb what is new and what is next in the world of GPUs and AI.” Galin has been in the AI industry for eight years and is happy to see that “AI got to the stage of practicality.” The company he works for uses GPUs to make advanced data queries more cost effective for companies. “You see how you can really harness AI and not just generate funny pictures, but harness AI for business values and addressing business pains. This conference covers it all, starting from the very minor details of technology,” he explains. The conference has been highlighting Nvidia's focus on robotics too, introducing "Blue," a robot developed in collaboration with Disney Research and Google DeepMind. This initiative aims to advance robotics technologies and includes the new physics engine, Newton, designed to enhance simulation capabilities. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SqgpsquIcUo&embedable=true https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SqgpsquIcUo&embedable=true Additionally, Nvidia unveiled Isaac GR00T N1, an open-source model for developing humanoid robots, and the evolving Cosmos AI model for creating synthetic training data, aiming to lower costs and improve efficiency in AI and robotics training. ​ Isaac GR00T N1, an open-source model Isaac GR00T N1, an open-source model Nvidia announced Dynamo, an open-source inference software system designed to scale AI models effectively. The company also revealed a partnership with General Motors to integrate custom AI systems into self-driving cars, reflecting Nvidia's strategic move into the automotive sector. ​ announced announced a partnership with General Motors a partnership with General Motors “If you look at the roadmap of Nvidia, with both its hardware and software suite, the company is covering so many industries and so many directions in the future of, I would say, even mankind,” he says. For software developers, GTC remains essential, offering insights into cutting-edge AI frameworks, GPU advancements, and open-source tools that shape the future of AI development. As Nvidia continues pushing technological boundaries, GTC serves as a crucial hub for learning, networking, and driving the next wave of AI-driven innovation. Navanwita Sachdev, Editor, The Tech Panda Navanwita Sachdev, Editor, The Tech Panda Navanwita Sachdev, Editor, The Tech Panda Navanwita Sachdev The Tech Panda

Nvidia GTC 2025: AI Goes Big, Robots Get Smarter, and GPUs Rule the World

Nvidia GTC 2025: الذكاء الاصطناعي يتطور بشكل كبير، والروبوتات تصبح أكثر ذكاءً، ووحدات معالجة الرسومات تحكم العالم

Nvidia GTC 2025: la IA es fa gran, els robots són més intel·ligents i les GPU governen el món

Nvidia GTC 2025: AI se rozrůstá, roboti jsou chytřejší a GPU vládnou světu

Nvidia GTC 2025: AI bliver stor, robotter bliver klogere, og GPU'er styrer verden

Nvidia GTC 2025: KI wird groß, Roboter werden intelligenter und GPUs beherrschen die Welt

Nvidia GTC 2025: La IA crece, los robots se vuelven más inteligentes y las GPU dominan el mundo

Nvidia GTC 2025: AI הולך בגדול, רובוטים נעשים חכמים יותר ו-GPUs שולטים בעולם

Nvidia GTC 2025: AI が巨大化し、ロボットが賢くなり、GPU が世界を支配する

Nvidia GTC 2025: مصنوعي ذهانت لوی کیږي، روباټونه هوښیار کیږي، او GPUs په نړۍ واکمني کوي

Nvidia GTC 2025: AI Goes Big, Robots Smarter, iyo GPUs ayaa xukuma aduunka

Nvidia GTC 2025: AI rritet, robotët bëhen më të zgjuar dhe GPU-të sundojnë botën

Nvidia GTC 2025：人工智能发展迅猛，机器人更加智能，GPU 统治世界

As the world becomes increasingly digital, businesses across industries—from retail to finance and automotive—must handle massive volumes of data. Whether managing product catalogs, processing telemetry data, or handling financial transactions, the ability to manage and scale real-time data across multiple regions is critical for global operations. One expert leading the way in solving these data management challenges is Amey Banarse, a solutions engineer with over a decade of experience in distributed database technologies. Amey uses his expertise to solve complex data challenges, reduce costs, and improve performance. His work has led to successful collaborations with Fortune 500 enterprises, including global financial institutions like Wells Fargo and Fiserv, large retailers like Kroger, and automotive companies including General Motors, making him a prominent figure in the field. The Challenges of Data Management in the Digital Age Coordinating large amounts of information presents a unique challenge in the modern world. Technological breakthroughs like real-time analytics and machine learning have provided immense benefits, but these advancements also introduce new obstacles, such as the need for low-latency access and maintaining consistent data availability across regions. Amey Banarse shares his insights into overcoming these challenges and the journey that led him to become an expert in the field. Q: Amey, what inspired you to pursue a career in technical solutions engineering? A: My journey began with a Master’s degree from the University of Pennsylvania in 2010. I started my career as a Senior Data Analytics Consultant at Gemini Systems, New York, where I focused on data analytics platforms in the financial services sector. Collaborating with high-profile clients like the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) to develop solutions and working on high-impact projects sparked my passion for data management. It was during my collaboration with the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA) that I truly recognized the critical importance of robust data architecture. Today, as a recognized thought leader in the data industry, I combine deep expertise in distributed systems and cloud-native transactional applications with a commitment to advancing enterprise data innovation. I am honored to contribute to the leading forums like Forbes Technology Council sharing insights through writing, presentations, and thought leadership. My speaking engagements at premier conferences like AWS ReInvent, VMWare Explore, and SpringOne reflect my dedication to shaping industry discourse, from modern data architectures to enterprise data strategies, helping organizations unlock the full potential of their data assets. Q: As industries face the increasing demand for real-time data processing, what challenges are they encountering? A: Today’s businesses, especially in sectors and developing industries like retail, automotive and finance, must manage massive volumes of real-time data while ensuring security and scalability. Challenges include handling traffic surges during peak periods, maintaining data integrity across geographically distributed systems, and providing consistent performance. Failure to address these issues can lead to bottlenecks, data inconsistencies, and operational inefficiencies that significantly impact customer experience and revenue. Q: Can you share your approach to solving these challenges using distributed database technologies? A: Absolutely. I leverage technologies like YugabyteDB, which provides the capability to handle high-throughput transactions, maintain strong consistency, and support multi-region deployments. My focus is on designing data architecture that integrates distributed databases with cloud-native platforms, ensuring real-time data is accessible and reliable across different locations. Collaborating with engineering teams, I implement rigorous testing under simulated high-traffic conditions and fine-tune systems for optimal performance. Q: Could you elaborate on a specific project where you implemented these solutions? A: One notable project was with a global retailer managing over 300 million products. They needed a scalable system to ensure real-time data access during peak shopping periods and ensure there was no downtime during the deals and product launch days. I led the team and implemented a scalable architecture solution using YugabyteDB, which not only reduced their total cost of ownership by over $10 million but also ensured consistent high-performance operations during critical shopping seasons. This solution provides a seamless end-customer experience during the peak holiday season, which increases customer loyalty and the retailer’s brand recognition. Q: Could you elaborate on a specific project where you implemented these solutions? A: One notable project was with a global retailer managing over 300 million products. They needed a scalable system to ensure real-time data access during peak shopping periods and ensure there was no downtime during the deals and product launch days. I led the team and implemented a scalable architecture solution using YugabyteDB, which not only reduced their total cost of ownership by over $10 million but also ensured consistent high-performance operations during critical shopping seasons. This solution provides a seamless end-customer experience during the peak holiday season, which increases customer loyalty and the retailer’s brand recognition. Q: You also worked with General Motors. What challenges did they face, and how did you help them? A: General Motors’ connected car platform plays a critical role in supporting its new services by collecting and leveraging data from over 20 million connected vehicles. The platform powers features such as vehicle health tracking, remote starts, and road condition reporting through GM mobile apps and OnStar. However, the existing database powering this platform, Apache Cassandra, was becoming a bottleneck. It resulted in high operational costs, limited scalability, and performance issues, especially during peak demand. I worked closely with their technical leadership to redesign the system architecture, which can process vast amounts of telemetry data in real-time, maintain consistency, and scale efficiently. I also led the migration from Apache Cassandra to YugabyteDB. This migration resulted in a tenfold improvement in scalability and performance, enabling the system to handle up to three million writes per second while significantly reducing hardware footprint and operational costs. This transformation allowed GM to enhance its connected vehicle services and deliver a superior customer experience. Q: Can you provide an example of how you helped a financial services customer modernize their data systems? A: A significant case was when I collaborated with senior technical leadership of a large financial services company in migrating from a legacy IBM DB2 mainframe to a modern, scalable system to support a retail portfolio dashboard. By leading the transition to YugabyteDB, I established a resilient architecture that not only reduced the total cost of ownership but also improved the end customer experience. The successful migration allowed live user onboarding, creating a flexible and reliable system supporting future growth. This enabled the company to meet its primary goals of migrating away from the mainframe and leveraging cloud-native databases, which can be deployed on cloud and hybrid commodity architectures. It also helped with improved productivity—rather than being slowed down by waiting for provisioning and maintenance of DB2 on the mainframe, the application team can quickly deploy YugabyteDB anywhere, and it automatically scales as needed. Q: Your achievements in this field are impressive. What drives you to continue pushing boundaries? A: I’m motivated by the impact that scalable data platform solutions can have on mission-critical applications that power businesses and society. Leading high-profile projects on behalf of YugabyteDB, like designing a scalable platform for the Super Bowl 2024 streaming event, has been incredibly rewarding. The ability to deliver a high-quality streaming experience to over 125 million viewers underscores the importance of scalable, resilient systems in today’s interconnected world. Q: What is your vision for the future of data management? A: I believe the ingenuity of technical solutions engineers like myself is crucial for a better-connected world. As industries evolve and the demand for real-time data continues to surge, developing innovative solutions that enable organizations to scale effectively is essential. I aim to lead this charge, ensuring businesses can meet their data challenges head-on and drive success through intelligent data management strategies. Amey Banarse’s ability to architect scalable, resilient systems has allowed these businesses to modernize and handle real-time data at unprecedented scales. His expertise in distributed database technologies is shaping the future of data management and paving the way for organizations to thrive in an increasingly data-driven landscape. As the world becomes increasingly digital, businesses across industries—from retail to finance and automotive—must handle massive volumes of data. Whether managing product catalogs, processing telemetry data, or handling financial transactions, the ability to manage and scale real-time data across multiple regions is critical for global operations. One expert leading the way in solving these data management challenges is Amey Banarse, a solutions engineer with over a decade of experience in distributed database technologies. Amey uses his expertise to solve complex data challenges, reduce costs, and improve performance. His work has led to successful collaborations with Fortune 500 enterprises, including global financial institutions like Wells Fargo and Fiserv, large retailers like Kroger, and automotive companies including General Motors, making him a prominent figure in the field. The Challenges of Data Management in the Digital Age The Challenges of Data Management in the Digital Age Coordinating large amounts of information presents a unique challenge in the modern world. Technological breakthroughs like real-time analytics and machine learning have provided immense benefits, but these advancements also introduce new obstacles, such as the need for low-latency access and maintaining consistent data availability across regions. Amey Banarse shares his insights into overcoming these challenges and the journey that led him to become an expert in the field. Q: Amey, what inspired you to pursue a career in technical solutions engineering? Q: Amey, what inspired you to pursue a career in technical solutions engineering? A : My journey began with a Master’s degree from the University of Pennsylvania in 2010. I started my career as a Senior Data Analytics Consultant at Gemini Systems, New York, where I focused on data analytics platforms in the financial services sector. Collaborating with high-profile clients like the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) to develop solutions and working on high-impact projects sparked my passion for data management. It was during my collaboration with the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA) that I truly recognized the critical importance of robust data architecture. Today, as a recognized thought leader in the data industry, I combine deep expertise in distributed systems and cloud-native transactional applications with a commitment to advancing enterprise data innovation. I am honored to contribute to the leading forums like Forbes Technology Council sharing insights through writing, presentations, and thought leadership. My speaking engagements at premier conferences like AWS ReInvent, VMWare Explore, and SpringOne reflect my dedication to shaping industry discourse, from modern data architectures to enterprise data strategies, helping organizations unlock the full potential of their data assets. A Q: As industries face the increasing demand for real-time data processing, what challenges are they encountering? Q: As industries face the increasing demand for real-time data processing, what challenges are they encountering? A : Today’s businesses, especially in sectors and developing industries like retail, automotive and finance, must manage massive volumes of real-time data while ensuring security and scalability. Challenges include handling traffic surges during peak periods, maintaining data integrity across geographically distributed systems, and providing consistent performance. Failure to address these issues can lead to bottlenecks, data inconsistencies, and operational inefficiencies that significantly impact customer experience and revenue. A Q: Can you share your approach to solving these challenges using distributed database technologies? Q: Can you share your approach to solving these challenges using distributed database technologies? A : Absolutely. I leverage technologies like YugabyteDB , which provides the capability to handle high-throughput transactions, maintain strong consistency, and support multi-region deployments. My focus is on designing data architecture that integrates distributed databases with cloud-native platforms, ensuring real-time data is accessible and reliable across different locations. Collaborating with engineering teams, I implement rigorous testing under simulated high-traffic conditions and fine-tune systems for optimal performance. A YugabyteDB YugabyteDB Q: Could you elaborate on a specific project where you implemented these solutions? Q: Could you elaborate on a specific project where you implemented these solutions? A : One notable project was with a global retailer managing over 300 million products. They needed a scalable system to ensure real-time data access during peak shopping periods and ensure there was no downtime during the deals and product launch days. I led the team and implemented a scalable architecture solution using YugabyteDB, which not only reduced their total cost of ownership by over $10 million but also ensured consistent high-performance operations during critical shopping seasons. This solution provides a seamless end-customer experience during the peak holiday season, which increases customer loyalty and the retailer’s brand recognition. A Q: Could you elaborate on a specific project where you implemented these solutions? Q: Could you elaborate on a specific project where you implemented these solutions? A : One notable project was with a global retailer managing over 300 million products. They needed a scalable system to ensure real-time data access during peak shopping periods and ensure there was no downtime during the deals and product launch days. I led the team and implemented a scalable architecture solution using YugabyteDB, which not only reduced their total cost of ownership by over $10 million but also ensured consistent high-performance operations during critical shopping seasons. This solution provides a seamless end-customer experience during the peak holiday season, which increases customer loyalty and the retailer’s brand recognition. A Q: You also worked with General Motors. What challenges did they face, and how did you help them? Q: You also worked with General Motors. What challenges did they face, and how did you help them? A: General Motors’ connected car platform plays a critical role in supporting its new services by collecting and leveraging data from over 20 million connected vehicles . The platform powers features such as vehicle health tracking, remote starts, and road condition reporting through GM mobile apps and OnStar. However, the existing database powering this platform, Apache Cassandra, was becoming a bottleneck. It resulted in high operational costs, limited scalability, and performance issues, especially during peak demand. I worked closely with their technical leadership to redesign the system architecture, which can process vast amounts of telemetry data in real-time, maintain consistency, and scale efficiently. I also led the migration from Apache Cassandra to YugabyteDB. This migration resulted in a tenfold improvement in scalability and performance, enabling the system to handle up to three million writes per second while significantly reducing hardware footprint and operational costs. This transformation allowed GM to enhance its connected vehicle services and deliver a superior customer experience. A: 20 million connected vehicles 20 million connected vehicles Q: Can you provide an example of how you helped a financial services customer modernize their data systems? Q: Can you provide an example of how you helped a financial services customer modernize their data systems? A : A significant case was when I collaborated with senior technical leadership of a large financial services company in migrating from a legacy IBM DB2 mainframe to a modern, scalable system to support a retail portfolio dashboard. By leading the transition to YugabyteDB, I established a resilient architecture that not only reduced the total cost of ownership but also improved the end customer experience. The successful migration allowed live user onboarding, creating a flexible and reliable system supporting future growth. This enabled the company to meet its primary goals of migrating away from the mainframe and leveraging cloud-native databases, which can be deployed on cloud and hybrid commodity architectures. It also helped with improved productivity—rather than being slowed down by waiting for provisioning and maintenance of DB2 on the mainframe, the application team can quickly deploy YugabyteDB anywhere, and it automatically scales as needed. A Q: Your achievements in this field are impressive. What drives you to continue pushing boundaries? Q: Your achievements in this field are impressive. What drives you to continue pushing boundaries? A : I’m motivated by the impact that scalable data platform solutions can have on mission-critical applications that power businesses and society. Leading high-profile projects on behalf of YugabyteDB, like designing a scalable platform for the Super Bowl 2024 streaming event, has been incredibly rewarding. The ability to deliver a high-quality streaming experience to over 125 million viewers underscores the importance of scalable, resilient systems in today’s interconnected world. A Q: What is your vision for the future of data management? Q: What is your vision for the future of data management? A : I believe the ingenuity of technical solutions engineers like myself is crucial for a better-connected world. As industries evolve and the demand for real-time data continues to surge, developing innovative solutions that enable organizations to scale effectively is essential. I aim to lead this charge, ensuring businesses can meet their data challenges head-on and drive success through intelligent data management strategies. A Amey Banarse’s ability to architect scalable, resilient systems has allowed these businesses to modernize and handle real-time data at unprecedented scales. His expertise in distributed database technologies is shaping the future of data management and paving the way for organizations to thrive in an increasingly data-driven landscape.

How Distributed Databases Power Mission-Critical Business Apps: A Case Study with Amey Banarse

Hoe verspreide databasisse missie-kritiese besigheidsprogramme bemagtig: 'n gevallestudie met Amey Banarse

Hvordan distribuerede databaser driver Mission-Critical Business Apps: A Case Study med Amey Banarse

Cómo las bases de datos distribuidas potencian las aplicaciones empresariales de misión crítica: un estudio de caso con Amey Banarse

分散データベースがミッションクリティカルなビジネスアプリを強化する方法: Amey Banarse のケーススタディ

Како се дистрибуирани базите на податоци моќни мисија-критични деловни апликации: студија на случај со Ејми Банарсе

Bagaimana Pangkalan Data Teragih Menguasakan Aplikasi Perniagaan Misi-Kritis: Kajian Kes dengan Amey Banarse

Jak rozproszone bazy danych zasilają aplikacje biznesowe o znaczeniu krytycznym: studium przypadku z Amey Banarse

Как распределенные базы данных поддерживают критически важные бизнес-приложения: пример с Эми Банарсе

Mafambisirwo Akaitwa Databases Power Mission-Critical Business Apps: Nyaya Yekudzidza naAmey Banarse

எப்படி விநியோகிக்கப்படும் தரவுத்தளங்கள் பவர் மிஷன்-கிரிட்டிகல் பிசினஸ் ஆப்ஸ்: அமே பனார்ஸுடன் ஒரு வழக்கு ஆய்வு

Чӣ гуна пойгоҳи додаҳои тақсимшуда Барномаҳои миссияи муҳими тиҷоратӣ: Омӯзиши мисол бо Ами Банарсе

ከመይ ጌሮም ዝተዘርግሑ ዳታቤዛት ንተልእኾ-ወሳኒ ንግዳዊ ኣፕስ ሓይሊ ይህቡ: መጽናዕቲ ፍጻመ ምስ ኣመይ ባናርሰ

Driving Innovation: Patents and Projects Shaping the Automotive Industry

ড্রাইভিং ইনোভেশন: পেটেন্ট এবং প্রকল্পগুলি মোটরগাড়ি শিল্পকে আকার দেয়

Impulsando la innovación: patentes y proyectos que configuran la industria automotriz

Poticanje inovacija: patenti i projekti koji oblikuju automobilsku industriju

イノベーションの推進: 自動車産業を形成する特許とプロジェクト

ນະວັດຕະກໍາການຂັບລົດ: ສິດທິບັດ ແລະໂຄງການສ້າງອຸດສາຫະກໍາລົດຍົນ

Go Kganna Boitlhamelo: Dipatente le Diprotšeke tše di Bopago Intasteri ya Dikoloi

Продвижение инноваций: патенты и проекты, формирующие автомобильную промышленность

Kutyaira Innovation: Patents uye Mapurojekiti Kugadzira Iyo Indasitiri Yemotokari

ขับเคลื่อนการสร้างสรรค์นวัตกรรม: สิทธิบัตรและโครงการที่กำหนดรูปลักษณ์ของอุตสาหกรรมยานยนต์

Pagmamaneho ng Innovation: Mga Patent at Proyekto na Humuhubog sa Industriya ng Automotive

Innovatsiyalarni qo'zg'atuvchi: avtomobil sanoatini shakllantiruvchi patentlar va loyihalar

I-Driving Innovation: Amalungelo Obunikazi Nemiklamo Ebumba Imboni Yezimoto

You’ve probably heard about crypto exchanges like Binance, KuCoin, Crypto.com, HTX , and others that sell tokens (e.g., BNB, KCS, CRO, and HT). Are these tokens worth buying? Can you make money from them? Depends on what you want to do These tokens offer perks like discounts on trading fees and access to exclusive benefits or promotions. On top of that, their prices sometimes go up a lot, giving you opportunities to sell your tokens for a profit. At the same time, exchanges control those tokens outright. Unlike Bitcoin or other cryptocurrencies that are governed by immutable blockchains and computer protocols that no single entity can change, exchange tokens function more like frequent flier miles or cash-back rewards. Exchanges can change the terms, supply, function, and benefits at any time without notice. Some exchanges sell those tokens to fund operations, cover liabilities, and line executives’ pockets. It’s a cheap way to raise money and easier than generating profit from operations. When you buy those tokens, you’re essentially subsidizing the exchange. All that glitters . . . Many exchanges hold some tokens as reserves or collateral for loans. FTX did this with its FTT token. In fact, FTX counted its token as an asset on its balance sheet while using its trading arm, Alameda, to prop up the price. Imagine General Motors creating one billion GM tokens, selling a single token to a Buick dealer for $100, then claiming to have $100 billion in assets. How do you know your exchange isn’t doing the same thing? With DeFi protocols, you don’t even need a trading arm. You simply need to cover your tracks. With Bitcoin, you can run a node and trace everything to the genesis block. Exchanges can’t even verify the number of circulating tokens, much less unravel the maze of transactions you’ll find on their blockchains. Don’t buy the BS While you can benefit from token rewards and make money trading these tokens, set realistic expectations — even if the exchange touts a lofty ambition. For example, Bitfinex frames its LEO token as “a token designed to empower the Bitfinex community.” Crypto.com says CRO is the “trading, payment, and financial services token for a cross-asset intermediary settlement layer.” Gate and Binance built decentralized financial platforms around their tokens, ostensibly with community governance. In reality, the exchanges still dictate the issuance, function, and utility. You get no equity in the business nor any claim on its assets. You have to trust that the exchanges make good on their word and stay in business. Crypto doesn’t have the best track record on any of those things. Bottom line Exchange tokens are crypto’s version of Dave and Buster’s tokens. Treat them as such. Few buy Dave & Buster’s tokens because they expect to make money. They enjoy playing games and winning prizes. They don’t treat the tokens as investments. Neither should you. Sure, if the token price goes up, you can sell for profit — but you can say that for every cryptocurrency. There’s nothing special about any token simply because an exchange slaps its logo on the ticker. Enjoy whatever perks the exchange gives you. Trade the tokens if you’d like. I won’t be joining you. Mark Helfman publishes the Crypto is Easy newsletter. He is also the author of three books and a top Bitcoin writer on Medium and Hacker Noon. Learn more about him in his bio and connect with him on Tealfeed. You’ve probably heard about crypto exchanges like Binance, KuCoin, Crypto.com, HTX , and others that sell tokens (e.g., BNB, KCS, CRO, and HT). Are these tokens worth buying? Can you make money from them? Depends on what you want to do These tokens offer perks like discounts on trading fees and access to exclusive benefits or promotions. On top of that, their prices sometimes go up a lot, giving you opportunities to sell your tokens for a profit. At the same time, exchanges control those tokens outright. Unlike Bitcoin or other cryptocurrencies that are governed by immutable blockchains and computer protocols that no single entity can change, exchange tokens function more like frequent flier miles or cash-back rewards. Exchanges can change the terms, supply, function, and benefits at any time without notice. Some exchanges sell those tokens to fund operations, cover liabilities, and line executives’ pockets. It’s a cheap way to raise money and easier than generating profit from operations. When you buy those tokens, you’re essentially subsidizing the exchange. All that glitters . . . Many exchanges hold some tokens as reserves or collateral for loans. FTX did this with its FTT token. In fact, FTX counted its token as an asset on its balance sheet while using its trading arm, Alameda, to prop up the price. Imagine General Motors creating one billion GM tokens, selling a single token to a Buick dealer for $100, then claiming to have $100 billion in assets. How do you know your exchange isn’t doing the same thing? your With DeFi protocols, you don’t even need a trading arm. You simply need to cover your tracks. With Bitcoin, you can run a node and trace everything to the genesis block. Exchanges can’t even verify the number of circulating tokens, much less unravel the maze of transactions you’ll find on their blockchains. Don’t buy the BS While you can benefit from token rewards and make money trading these tokens, set realistic expectations — even if the exchange touts a lofty ambition. For example, Bitfinex frames its LEO token as “a token designed to empower the Bitfinex community.” Crypto.com says CRO is the “trading, payment, and financial services token for a cross-asset intermediary settlement layer.” Gate and Binance built decentralized financial platforms around their tokens, ostensibly with community governance. In reality, the exchanges still dictate the issuance, function, and utility. You get no equity in the business nor any claim on its assets. You have to trust that the exchanges make good on their word and stay in business. Crypto doesn’t have the best track record on any of those things. Bottom line Exchange tokens are crypto’s version of Dave and Buster’s tokens. Treat them as such. Few buy Dave & Buster’s tokens because they expect to make money. They enjoy playing games and winning prizes. They don’t treat the tokens as investments. Neither should you. Sure, if the token price goes up, you can sell for profit — but you can say that for every cryptocurrency. but you can say that for every cryptocurrency. There’s nothing special about any token simply because an exchange slaps its logo on the ticker. Enjoy whatever perks the exchange gives you. Trade the tokens if you’d like. I won’t be joining you. Mark Helfman publishes the Crypto is Easy newsletter. He is also the author of three books and a top Bitcoin writer on Medium and Hacker Noon . Learn more about him in his bio and connect with him on Tealfeed . Crypto is Easy Crypto is Easy Medium Medium Hacker Noon Hacker Noon bio Tealfeed

Are Crypto Exchange Tokens a Good Investment? 

POS Financing vs. BNPL: Understanding the Differences and Evolution of Solutions

The electric vehicle (EV) market is heating up in the global arena with the US and China gearing up for yet another price war. While US car giants are slashing prices, China is negotiating hard to set up shop in Europe. In fact, the pending EV competition in Europe could mean job losses in the future. According to the International Energy Agency, environmentally speaking, 2030 will be a substantial year, because the world fossil fuel demand will peak by then as a larger number of EVs hit the road and the Chinese economy leans towards cleaner energy. Meanwhile, the debate about how effective EVs will actually be still continues. Last year, US automaker General Motors launched its luxury electric Cadillac Lyriq in France, an expansion of its market in Europe after returning last year and a test of whether online-only sales will attract wealthy car buyers. In the US, last year, Tesla slashed prices on its two most expensive EVs, after Tesla Chairman and CEO, Elon Musk realized that price cuts on other models had upped demand. The price cuts, one of many adjustments last year, ranged from 4% to 9%. In December, Musk unveiled Tesla’s new electric Semi truck, looking to reduce highway emissions with a battery power three times that of its diesel counterparts. Car companies are exploring all fronts to catch the consumer’s attention, leading to another price war between two super economies And it’s not just car makers who are into EVs. Foxconn, the largest electronics manufacturer and the supplier of Apple, took to producing EVs last year. Chip giant NVIDIA is helping them in their pursuit, alongside developing automated and autonomous vehicle platforms. Big tech is yet to fully enter this arena though. In February though, Apple canceled work on its electric car, according to Reuters, a decade after the tech giant started the project. Powerful partnerships are forming too. Honda and General Motors are planning to jointly develop affordable EVs. Hybrids & More Car companies are trying to sell more than just EVs as an environment-friendly solution by targeting tougher emissions standards. For example, in May, Toyota showcased next-generation engines for use in cars like hybrids and those running on biofuel. Volkswagen announced plans to cut down spend on combustion engines from 2025. It is working toward a target of 50% EV sales globally by 2030. Hybrid car models are likely to flood the market in the coming year. Fiat owner Stellantis is likely to announce a hybrid version of its 500e small electric car to be produced at its Mirafiori plant in Italy. In May, China’s Geely talked about launching a series of hybrid models in the first half of next year, which will boast of its next-generation, more fuel-efficient engine. Chinese are Gearing Up with EV China has been buckling down to make it even bigger than it is in the global EV market. Last June, China introduced a 520 billion yuan ($72.3 billion) package to increase EV sales and other green cars in the coming four years. Meanwhile, the debate about how effective EVs will actually be, still continues Chinese EV makers have been concentrating on competing with the US. Chinese EV maker Nio has made a deal with Chinese EV giant BYD as a source for its batteries. According to reports, Nio aims to compete with Tesla. A made-in-China EV is also expected to enter the US market this summer offering power and efficiency similar to the Tesla Model Y, but for about US$8,000 less. US carmakers could face stiff competition from China, looking at the EX30 from Volvo, the Swedish luxury brand owned by China’s Geely. Volvo Cars announced in February that it’s getting ready to convert to electric all its mainstay models, i.e., three SUVs and two sedans. The auto giant is also set to unveil a luxury electric van to improve sales in Asia. In March, BYD launched a new version of its Destroyer 07 hybrid car at a starting price that’s 11.3% lower than its predecessor, according to Reuters. Europe, a Veritable EV Playground Many events are coming into play on the European EV playground, and China is moving fast. The country is getting ready to make a deal with Europe as EV tariffs loom. In September, Beijing criticized a probe launched by the European Commission into China’s electric car subsidies as protectionist and warned it would damage relations. Ursula von der Leyen, President of the European Commission announced the investigation saying markets were getting flooded with EVs that had artificially low prices because of state subsidies. In fact, Stellantis is ready for a competition with Chinese rivals in the European market for EVs, which can be a harbinger of consequences for jobs and production according to the group’s Chief Executive Carlos Tavares as reported by Reuters. Already, last February, Ford announced axing one in nine jobs in product development and administration across Europe as it competes in the EV market. The US automaker announced plans to invest US$3.5 billion to build an EV battery plant in Michigan with Chinese partner CATL. Will This Price War Benefit the Consumer? Part of the charm of owning an EV is not just the environmental friendliness but also style and luxury, one of the prime reasons for EV adoption. Car companies are exploring all fronts to catch the consumer’s attention, leading to another price war between two super economies. This war of the EV makers could bring EV prices down globally. But it also means job cuts. The semiconductor chip war has already caused tumult. It remains to be seen how far it goes this time. Navanwita Bora Sachdev, Editor, The Tech Panda The electric vehicle (EV) market is heating up in the global arena with the US and China gearing up for yet another price war. While US car giants are slashing prices, China is negotiating hard to set up shop in Europe. In fact, the pending EV competition in Europe could mean job losses in the future. The electric vehicle (EV) According to the International Energy Agency , environmentally speaking, 2030 will be a substantial year, because the world fossil fuel demand will peak by then as a larger number of EVs hit the road and the Chinese economy leans towards cleaner energy. Meanwhile, the debate about how effective EVs will actually be still continues. International Energy Agency fossil fuel demand will peak Last year, US automaker General Motors launched its luxury electric Cadillac Lyriq in France, an expansion of its market in Europe after returning last year and a test of whether online-only sales will attract wealthy car buyers . General Motors launched online-only sales will attract wealthy car buyers In the US, last year, Tesla slashed prices on its two most expensive EVs, after Tesla Chairman and CEO, Elon Musk realized that price cuts on other models had upped demand. The price cuts, one of many adjustments last year, ranged from 4% to 9%. In December, Musk unveiled Tesla’s new electric Semi truck, looking to reduce highway emissions with a battery power three times that of its diesel counterparts. Tesla slashed prices unveiled Car companies are exploring all fronts to catch the consumer’s attention, leading to another price war between two super economies Car companies are exploring all fronts to catch the consumer’s attention, leading to another price war between two super economies Car companies are exploring all fronts to catch the consumer’s attention, leading to another price war between two super economies Car companies are exploring all fronts to catch the consumer’s attention, leading to another price war between two super economies Car companies are exploring all fronts to catch the consumer’s attention, leading to another price war between two super economies And it’s not just car makers who are into EVs. Foxconn , the largest electronics manufacturer and the supplier of Apple , took to producing EVs last year. Chip giant NVIDIA is helping them in their pursuit, alongside developing automated and autonomous vehicle platforms. Big tech is yet to fully enter this arena though. In February though, Apple canceled work on its electric car , according to Reuters, a decade after the tech giant started the project. Foxconn Apple took to producing NVIDIA Apple canceled work on its electric car Powerful partnerships are forming too. Honda and General Motors are planning to jointly develop affordable EVs. planning to jointly develop Hybrids & More Hybrids & More Hybrids & More Car companies are trying to sell more than just EVs as an environment-friendly solution by targeting tougher emissions standards. For example, in May, Toyota showcased next-generation engines for use in cars like hybrids and those running on biofuel. Volkswagen announced plans to cut down spend on combustion engines from 2025. It is working toward a target of 50% EV sales globally by 2030. Toyota showcased next-generation engines Volkswagen announced plans Hybrid car models are likely to flood the market in the coming year. Fiat owner Stellantis is likely to announce a hybrid version of its 500e small electric car to be produced at its Mirafiori plant in Italy. In May, China’s Geely talked about launch ing a series of hybrid models in the first half of next year, which will boast of its next-generation, more fuel-efficient engine. Fiat Stellantis hybrid version of its 500e small electric car China’s Geely talked about launch Chinese are Gearing Up with EV Chinese are Gearing Up with EV Chinese are Gearing Up with EV China has been buckling down to make it even bigger than it is in the global EV market. Last June, China introduced a 520 billion yuan ($72.3 billion) package to increase EV sales and other green cars in the coming four years. introduced Meanwhile, the debate about how effective EVs will actually be, still continues Meanwhile, the debate about how effective EVs will actually be, still continues Meanwhile, the debate about how effective EVs will actually be, still continues Meanwhile, the debate about how effective EVs will actually be, still continues Meanwhile, the debate about how effective EVs will actually be, still continues Chinese EV makers have been concentrating on competing with the US. Chinese EV maker Nio has made a deal with Chinese EV giant BYD as a source for its batteries. According to reports, Nio aims to compete with Tesla. A made-in-China EV is also expected to enter the US market this summer offering power and efficiency similar to the Tesla Model Y, but for about US$8,000 less. US carmakers could face stiff competition from China, looking at the EX30 from Volvo, the Swedish luxury brand owned by China’s Geely. Nio made a deal also expected Volvo Cars announced in February that it’s getting ready to convert to electric all its mainstay models, i.e., three SUVs and two sedans. The auto giant is also set to unveil a luxury electric van to improve sales in Asia. In March, BYD launched a new version of its Destroyer 07 hybrid car at a starting price that’s 11.3% lower than its predecessor, according to Reuters. announced in February BYD launched Europe, a Veritable EV Playground Europe, a Veritable EV Playground Europe, a Veritable EV Playground Many events are coming into play on the European EV playground, and China is moving fast. The country is getting ready to make a deal with Europe as EV tariffs loom. In September, Beijing criticized a probe launched by the European Commission into China’s electric car subsidies as protectionist and warned it would damage relations. Ursula von der Leyen, President of the European Commission announced the investigation saying markets were getting flooded with EVs that had artificially low prices because of state subsidies. make a deal In fact, Stellantis is ready for a competition with Chinese rivals in the European market for EVs, which can be a harbinger of consequences for jobs and production according to the group’s Chief Executive Carlos Tavares as reported by Reuters . Already, last February, Ford announced axing one in nine jobs in product development and administration across Europe as it competes in the EV market. The US automaker announced plans to invest US$3.5 billion to build an EV battery plant in Michigan with Chinese partner CATL. competition with Chinese rivals Reuters Ford announced Will This Price War Benefit the Consumer? Will This Price War Benefit the Consumer? Will This Price War Benefit the Consumer? Part of the charm of owning an EV is not just the environmental friendliness but also style and luxury, one of the prime reasons for EV adoption. Car companies are exploring all fronts to catch the consumer’s attention, leading to another price war between two super economies. This war of the EV makers could bring EV prices down globally. But it also means job cuts. The semiconductor chip war has already caused tumult. It remains to be seen how far it goes this time. semiconductor chip war Navanwita Bora Sachdev, Editor, The Tech Panda Navanwita Bora Sachdev, Editor, The Tech Panda Navanwita Bora Sachdev , Editor, The Tech Panda Navanwita Bora Sachdev

Global EV Price War Looms as US and China Compete for Market Dominance 

Authors:
(1) Silei Xu, Computer Science Department, Stanford University Stanford, CA with equal contribution {silei@cs.stanford.edu};
(2) Shicheng Liu, Computer Science Department, Stanford University Stanford, CA with equal contribution {shicheng@cs.stanford.edu};
(3) Theo Culhane, Computer Science Department, Stanford University Stanford, CA {tculhane@cs.stanford.edu};
(4) Elizaveta Pertseva, Computer Science Department, Stanford University Stanford, CA, {pertseva@cs.stanford.edu};
(5) Meng-Hsi Wu, Computer Science Department, Stanford University Stanford, CA, Ailly.ai {jwu@ailly.ai};
(6) Sina J. Semnani, Computer Science Department, Stanford University Stanford, CA, {sinaj@cs.stanford.edu};
(7) Monica S. Lam, Computer Science Department, Stanford University Stanford, CA, {lam@cs.stanford.edu}. Table of Links Abstract and Introduction Related Work Semantic Parsing for Wikidata WikiWebQuestions (WWQ) Dataset Implementation Experiments Experiment with QALD-7 Conclusions, Limitations, Ethical Considerations, Acknowledgements, and References A. Examples of Recovering from Entity Linking Errors 3 Semantic Parsing for Wikidata Wikidata is the largest public knowledge base with over 12 billion facts represented by subjectpredicate-object triples using 100+ million entities and 10,000 properties. 3,000 of the properties are useful for answering natural language questions, whereas the rest are used to link data in Wikidata with external library catalogs and database IDs. Entities and properties are given unique identifiers, QIDs and PIDs, respectively. For example, the fact that Joe Biden is the president of the US can be represented as a triple (Q6279, P39, Q11696), where P39 is the PID for property position held, Q6279 and Q11696 are QIDs for Joe Biden and the president of the United States, respectively. 3.1 Query Format Unlike relational databases and Freebase, Wikidata has no predefined domains or types. Any entity can have an arbitrary set of properties. However, even though Wikidata is property-based, all named entities have one or more instance of properties to some domain entity; domain entities are organized into a hierarchy with the subclass of property. Note that the names of domain entities and properties are unique. Non-domain entities, on the other hand, can be ambiguous. For example, “Lincoln” can refer to the president, a car brand, a sparrow, an aircraft, and many different cities. We posit that it is impossible for LLMs to memorize the QIDs and PIDs for domains and properties. We modify the format of SPARQL queries to use the more mnemonic property name, instead of its PID. Similarly, we use entity names for domains. For example, the original SPARQL for the query “What car models does GM make?” is SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE { ?x wdt:P31/wdt:P279* wd:Q3231690. ?x wdt:P176 wd:Q81965. } This says that we are seeking x, where x is transitively either an instance of (wdt:P31) or a subclass of (wdt:P279) of an automobile model (wd:Q3231690), and x has General Motors (wd:Q81965) as the manufacturer (wdt:P176). Note wdt is the prefix for Wikidata property, and wd is for Wikidata entity With our modification, the query becomes: SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE { ?x wdt:instance_of/wdt:subclass_of* wd:automobile_model. ?x wdt:manufacturer wd:Q81965. } For non-domain entity QIDs, we also accept a string in lieu of a QID in case of entity linking errors. At inference time, we use simple heuristics to resolve the string to a QID before applying the query. For example, “wd:Q81965” in the query may be replaced with “wd:GM”. See Section 3.2.2 for more details. Normally, we refrain from changing standard query notations since LLMs have been pretrained on them. However, we posit that learning this new syntax is much easier than learning the PIDs and QIDs. Our experimentation with few-shot prompting suggests that LLMs can easily adjust to this format. 3.2 Entity Linking Linking entities for WikiWebQuestions is particularly difficult. First, since the dataset is collected from real-world questions without prompting the users for more information, users tend to refer to their entities of interest without using their full names. Second, the questions are generally short with very limited context, making it harder to disambiguate among entities with similar names. Lastly, many QIDs in Wikidata are used to represent terms not generally known as “named entities”. For example, domain entities are often ignored by entity linker models, as in “What is the biggest country in Europe by population?”, both “country” (Q6256) and “Europe” (Q46) are required to construct the correct SPARQL, but entity linkers only provide “Europe” and ignore “country”. 3.2.1 Semantic Parsing with Entity Linking To handle ambiguous entities, we use an entity linker to first find the domain names and QIDs of the entities mentioned in the text. We train a semantic parser that accepts users’ input along with the results produced by the entity linker. Formally, given a user input T, and a set of entity linker results ⟨e, q⟩, where e is the name (default label) Wikidata gives to an entity and q is its QID, the semantic parser produces the semantic parse of T in our modified SPARQL format. For the example above, the SOTA ReFinED entity linker (Ayoola et al., 2022) returns {⟨General Motors, Q81965⟩}. Unfortunately, it misses the entity automobile model (Q3231690), a term not usually considered to be an entity. 3.2.2 Recovering from Entity Linker Errors We want our semantic parser to be able to recover from mistakes by an entity linker. That is, the semantic parser should use entity linking when it is helpful, but it should still try to predict the right logical form when the linker fails. The semantic parser is trained to accept, along with the user query, an optional set of potentially useful QIDs from the entity linker. We include samples where some of the supplied linked entities are not used in the gold answer, as well as samples where there are missing linked entities. For the latter, we use mentions in the original query in lieu of the QIDs. At inference time, we use the mentions to look up the QIDs in Wikidata. If multiple matches exist, the most popular entity is returned. An example is shown in Appendix A. With the above example where the entity linker misses “automobile model”, the semantic parser is likely to predict “car model” by copying from the user query. We search “automobile model” among aliases in domains to find the correct QID. This design allows the model to potentially recover from entity-linking failures. This paper is available on arxiv under CC 4.0 license. Authors: (1) Silei Xu, Computer Science Department, Stanford University Stanford, CA with equal contribution {silei@cs.stanford.edu}; (2) Shicheng Liu, Computer Science Department, Stanford University Stanford, CA with equal contribution {shicheng@cs.stanford.edu}; (3) Theo Culhane, Computer Science Department, Stanford University Stanford, CA {tculhane@cs.stanford.edu}; (4) Elizaveta Pertseva, Computer Science Department, Stanford University Stanford, CA, {pertseva@cs.stanford.edu}; (5) Meng-Hsi Wu, Computer Science Department, Stanford University Stanford, CA, Ailly.ai {jwu@ailly.ai}; (6) Sina J. Semnani, Computer Science Department, Stanford University Stanford, CA, {sinaj@cs.stanford.edu}; (7) Monica S. Lam, Computer Science Department, Stanford University Stanford, CA, {lam@cs.stanford.edu}. Authors: Authors: (1) Silei Xu, Computer Science Department, Stanford University Stanford, CA with equal contribution {silei@cs.stanford.edu}; (2) Shicheng Liu, Computer Science Department, Stanford University Stanford, CA with equal contribution {shicheng@cs.stanford.edu}; (3) Theo Culhane, Computer Science Department, Stanford University Stanford, CA {tculhane@cs.stanford.edu}; (4) Elizaveta Pertseva, Computer Science Department, Stanford University Stanford, CA, {pertseva@cs.stanford.edu}; (5) Meng-Hsi Wu, Computer Science Department, Stanford University Stanford, CA, Ailly.ai {jwu@ailly.ai}; (6) Sina J. Semnani, Computer Science Department, Stanford University Stanford, CA, {sinaj@cs.stanford.edu}; (7) Monica S. Lam, Computer Science Department, Stanford University Stanford, CA, {lam@cs.stanford.edu}. Table of Links Abstract and Introduction Abstract and Introduction Related Work Related Work Semantic Parsing for Wikidata Semantic Parsing for Wikidata WikiWebQuestions (WWQ) Dataset WikiWebQuestions (WWQ) Dataset Implementation Implementation Experiments Experiments Experiment with QALD-7 Experiment with QALD-7 Conclusions, Limitations, Ethical Considerations, Acknowledgements, and References Conclusions, Limitations, Ethical Considerations, Acknowledgements, and References A. Examples of Recovering from Entity Linking Errors A. Examples of Recovering from Entity Linking Errors 3 Semantic Parsing for Wikidata Wikidata is the largest public knowledge base with over 12 billion facts represented by subjectpredicate-object triples using 100+ million entities and 10,000 properties. 3,000 of the properties are useful for answering natural language questions, whereas the rest are used to link data in Wikidata with external library catalogs and database IDs. Entities and properties are given unique identifiers, QIDs and PIDs, respectively. For example, the fact that Joe Biden is the president of the US can be represented as a triple (Q6279, P39, Q11696), where P39 is the PID for property position held, Q6279 and Q11696 are QIDs for Joe Biden and the president of the United States, respectively. 3.1 Query Format Unlike relational databases and Freebase, Wikidata has no predefined domains or types. Any entity can have an arbitrary set of properties. However, even though Wikidata is property-based, all named entities have one or more instance of properties to some domain entity; domain entities are organized into a hierarchy with the subclass of property. Note that the names of domain entities and properties are unique. Non-domain entities, on the other hand, can be ambiguous. For example, “Lincoln” can refer to the president, a car brand, a sparrow, an aircraft, and many different cities. We posit that it is impossible for LLMs to memorize the QIDs and PIDs for domains and properties. We modify the format of SPARQL queries to use the more mnemonic property name, instead of its PID. Similarly, we use entity names for domains. For example, the original SPARQL for the query “What car models does GM make?” is SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE { ?x wdt:P31/wdt:P279* wd:Q3231690. ?x wdt:P176 wd:Q81965. } This says that we are seeking x, where x is transitively either an instance of (wdt:P31) or a subclass of (wdt:P279) of an automobile model (wd:Q3231690), and x has General Motors (wd:Q81965) as the manufacturer (wdt:P176). Note wdt is the prefix for Wikidata property, and wd is for Wikidata entity With our modification, the query becomes: SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE { ?x wdt:instance_of/wdt:subclass_of* wd:automobile_model. ?x wdt:manufacturer wd:Q81965. } For non-domain entity QIDs, we also accept a string in lieu of a QID in case of entity linking errors. At inference time, we use simple heuristics to resolve the string to a QID before applying the query. For example, “wd:Q81965” in the query may be replaced with “wd:GM”. See Section 3.2.2 for more details. Normally, we refrain from changing standard query notations since LLMs have been pretrained on them. However, we posit that learning this new syntax is much easier than learning the PIDs and QIDs. Our experimentation with few-shot prompting suggests that LLMs can easily adjust to this format. 3.2 Entity Linking Linking entities for WikiWebQuestions is particularly difficult. First, since the dataset is collected from real-world questions without prompting the users for more information, users tend to refer to their entities of interest without using their full names. Second, the questions are generally short with very limited context, making it harder to disambiguate among entities with similar names. Lastly, many QIDs in Wikidata are used to represent terms not generally known as “named entities”. For example, domain entities are often ignored by entity linker models, as in “What is the biggest country in Europe by population?”, both “country” (Q6256) and “Europe” (Q46) are required to construct the correct SPARQL, but entity linkers only provide “Europe” and ignore “country”. 3.2.1 Semantic Parsing with Entity Linking To handle ambiguous entities, we use an entity linker to first find the domain names and QIDs of the entities mentioned in the text. We train a semantic parser that accepts users’ input along with the results produced by the entity linker. Formally, given a user input T, and a set of entity linker results ⟨e, q⟩, where e is the name (default label) Wikidata gives to an entity and q is its QID, the semantic parser produces the semantic parse of T in our modified SPARQL format. For the example above, the SOTA ReFinED entity linker (Ayoola et al., 2022) returns {⟨General Motors, Q81965⟩}. Unfortunately, it misses the entity automobile model (Q3231690), a term not usually considered to be an entity. 3.2.2 Recovering from Entity Linker Errors We want our semantic parser to be able to recover from mistakes by an entity linker. That is, the semantic parser should use entity linking when it is helpful, but it should still try to predict the right logical form when the linker fails. The semantic parser is trained to accept, along with the user query, an optional set of potentially useful QIDs from the entity linker. We include samples where some of the supplied linked entities are not used in the gold answer, as well as samples where there are missing linked entities. For the latter, we use mentions in the original query in lieu of the QIDs. At inference time, we use the mentions to look up the QIDs in Wikidata. If multiple matches exist, the most popular entity is returned. An example is shown in Appendix A. With the above example where the entity linker misses “automobile model”, the semantic parser is likely to predict “car model” by copying from the user query. We search “automobile model” among aliases in domains to find the correct QID. This design allows the model to potentially recover from entity-linking failures. This paper is available on arxiv under CC 4.0 license. This paper is available on arxiv under CC 4.0 license. available on arxiv

Semantic Parsing for Wikidata: What You Need to Know

Edward Bernays, often referred to as the Father of Public Relations, or, more truthfully, the Father of Propaganda, left an indelible mark on the world of advertising. Born in 1891 in Vienna, Austria, a nephew of Sigmund Freud, Bernays learned from his uncle and applied never-before-considered concepts in advertising, primarily appealing to the unconscious, rather than the rational mind. Having moved to the United States in his youth, Bernays became famous after being involved with WWI efforts. He rebranded the war as a moral and patriotic cause, shaped public opinion, and disseminated pro-war messages. Some of the best-known campaigns by Bernays His influence is all over the marketing and advertising of today. Most of the beliefs and behaviors we still see were created by Bernays. Below are some of the popular campaigns. Women smoking In the 1920s, women smoking was seen as scandalous and taboo. Lucky Strike (You probably know it from ) wanted to increase their profits and half of the non-smoking population seemed like a good fit. Mad Men Edward Bernays orchestrated a staged event where fashionable debutants smoked cigarettes during a parade, branding them as “torches of freedom,” promoting Lucky Strike cigarettes. The rest is history. Example: A few examples 👇 Emotional marketing Edward Bernays understood that selling products was about evoking emotions and desires, not just listing utility. This was a revolutionary idea at the time. Another example. Instead of promoting cars based on features, he marketed them as symbols of male sexuality, focusing on emotional appeal. Before Bernays, it was seen as boujee and unnecessary to keep upgrading your car. Bernays advised car companies, like General Motors, to introduce annual design changes to stimulate demand, a strategy known as planned obsolescence. Ford refused to do so and GM remains a leading car manufacturer to this day. Interesting fact: Shift to consumerism Corporate America feared overproduction after World War I and needed to transition society from a needs-based culture to a wants-based culture. Bernays was like hold my beer and helped companies manufacture desires of products Americans didn’t need, leading to increased profits for corporations. Consumption shifted from needs to wants. Breakfast habits Bernays influenced American breakfast habits by promoting the idea that a heavier breakfast was healthier through manipulated expert opinions. He went to his physician and asked if he would agree that we expend a lot of calories through the night and, therefore wake up in a calorie deficit in the morning (which is technically true). His doctor agreed and Bernays asked if he could ask other physicians (5k of them) if they thought it was true. I believe with the right incentives ($), they agreed too. As a result, he convinced people that a substantial breakfast was essential, ultimately popularizing the concept of “the most important meal of the day.” Fashion consumerism Bernays played a role in popularizing department stores and modern fashion consumerism by hosting fashion shows with celebrities and emphasizing clothing as a form of individuality and self-expression. He hired celebrities (something never done before!) to showcase clothing as a means of conveying one’s unique personality and characteristics + influencing regular people to try to dress like their favourite celebrities. This is still very much alive today. Bernays’ continued influence Edward Bernays’ legacy continues to be seen in various aspects of modern society, particularly in the fields of advertising, public relations, and consumer culture: : The emphasis on emotional appeal, storytelling, and creating a desire for products remains central in advertising campaigns. Companies use celebrities, influencers, and lifestyle branding to connect with consumers on a personal and emotional level. Advertising and Marketing Techniques : The practice of designing products to become outdated or worn out quickly, is still employed by industries like technology and fashion to drive sales. Consumerism and Planned Obsolescence : Bernays is credited with coining the term “public relations,” and his influence in this field endures. Public Relations : Bernays’ work highlighted the power of persuasion and manipulation in shaping public opinion. Today, this legacy is evident in the realm of political communication, social media campaigns, and the dissemination of information where individuals and organizations use psychological tactics to influence public perception. Manipulation of Public Opinion In summary, Edward Bernays’ legacy is still very much alive today, as his ideas and techniques continue to shape how products are marketed, public opinion is influenced, and consumer culture operates. I don’t know how to feel about this man. On the one hand, he single-handedly re-invented 3 fields and created an influence alive today and as a psychologist, I find it interesting. On the other hand, his contribution to overconsumption and division within society which is slowly killing our world is painfully obvious. What is it about Austrians in the XX century? Also published . here This is from my newsletter, if you like to receive it straight to your inbox every Tuesday, sign up . here

The Puppet Master: Meet the Father of Advertising

Let's learn about via these 59 free stories. They are ordered by most time reading created on HackerNoon. Visit the to find the most read stories about any technology. Bitcoin Maximalism /Learn Repo 1. China Intensifies Crypto Crackdown A quick rundown on past cryptocurrency regulation in China, along with some predictions of possible futures. 2. Getting the Lingo Right: 10 Most-Relevant Crypto Abbreviations & Keywords to Know Here are the top 10 cryptocurrency abbreviations and keywords you must know. 3. 10 Shared Beliefs of a Bitcoin Maximalist While some maximalists assert that altcoins are just unregistered securities, most consider them technically and morally questionable, if not outright scams. 4. Barter to Bitcoin: The Evolution of Money Through The Ages The last few years the interest for cryptocurrencies and blockchain technology has skyrocketed. Many financial institutions and companies have invested in... 5. Bitcoin is an Authentic Form of Resistance Against CBDCs Bitcoin doesn't have ever-changing rules; it doesn’t inflate you away, it doesn’t require a third party, and no one can freeze or seize your funds. 6. Who Will Die and Who Will Thrive in the Upcoming Crypto Ice Age A look into the future of decentralization from the perspective of good 'ol open-source collaboration. 7. How Did Investors React To Bitcoin's ATH? Bitcoin's recent price surge ensured the cryptocurrency reached an all-time high, breaking beyond the $66,000 barrier for the first time. What should we expect? 8. Bitcoin Halving And Its Stock-To-Flow Ratio Bitcoin is poised to become the currency of the future and it is well supported technically by the concept of halving and stock-to-flow model. 9. Is Bitcoin Really The Best Alternative Investment Asset For Your Portfolio? Bitcoin's YTD performance is up +20% along with a +287% increase since the past 6 months when institutional movement started to kick off. 10. Your Money Is All Set To Lose More Value. Again. There’s a simple strategy that will change your financial life and you don’t need to be Warren Buffett to understand it. 11. Bitcoin is the bastion of Freedom Tech Pandora's box has been opened.  Bitcoin has proven that decentralized tech can be used to push back against oppressive regimes.  But that's not just important to monetary policy. 12. Bitcoin Bull Market: Comparing 2020 against 2016 The uptrend period when Bitcoin approached $ 18,000 and what's going on reminds us of Cycle Theory in the past, as well as the uptrend of 2016 - 2017, simply because the market could change. change, but human psychology is the same. We will look back at the two phases: 2016-2017 and the current period, so that investors can draw their own conclusions about what to do when the market is in the FOMO phase. 13. PayPal's Bitcoin Play Will To Create A Sharp Uptick in Crypto-Adoption PayPal’s user base could generate demand for over 15% of Bitcoin’s current market cap over the next 12 months. 14. Bitcoin On The Brink of Mass Adoption. Whither Next? Over the last few months, we have seen major growth of interest in Bitcoin. Tesla, Mastercard, Visa, PayPal, Apple Pay, Uber, Amazon, General Motors, Twitter, and Oracle – all of them began talking about crypto integration as a payment method. 15. Crypto Adoption or Abandonment: What Will India Decide? As a result, the rushed RBI 2018 proposed ban on crypto trading left the Indian traders uncertain about the future for over two years. 16. Nakamoto's idea Vs The Real World: How Bitcoin Is More Mainstream Than You Think Millions of people still wonder. Can bitcoin and mainstream finance (fiat money) ever get along? 17. Bitcoin Exceeds $40,000 For The First Time Ever: Value Doubles in Less Than a Month The value of Bitcoin is worth more than $740 billion just behind Tesla at $758.26 billion,  and digital cryptocurrency markets are worth more than $1 trillion, 18. Busting Bitcoin Myths: The Lindy Effect According to the widely-cited "Lindy effect" Wikipedia page, the future life expectancy of a technology or an idea is proportional to its current age. However, this is a non-scientific and statistically-invalid claim, which is often used by Bitcoin maximalists to back their claim that Bitcoin is more valid because it's been around for longer. 19. Bitcoin in 2021 - Insights from Chainalysis Chainalysis' Chief Economist shares insights into Bitcoin as a maturing asset. 20. No, Bitcoin Is Not Going to Fail! Arguments for why Bitcoin the digital asset will not fail. What are they? Come on, let's go take a look... 21. Making Money with Bitcoin - A Guide This piece covers the major ways to make your bitcoins work for you with tips on how to start earning with these strategies. 22. Bitcoin Price Exploding Will Be The Hallmark of 2020 How investors and custody's perception towards bitcoin changed in 2020 23. What Makes Bitcoin so Groundbreaking and How to Take it Forward Darwin's law of natural selection, commonly known as the survival of the fittest, defines it as the "principle by which each slight variation [of a trait], if useful, is preserved”. 24. Bringing DeFi to Bitcoin Ecosystem: Because, What Else? It’s time to build DeFi money lego on the Bitcoin ecosystem. 25. Bitcoin’s First Great Crisis Is Setting The Stage For A Digital-First New Normal The novel coronavirus might not be the world’s first pandemic or even the deadliest. But the virus has set the stage for a truly unprecedented time of global harmony. 26. Why You're the Only One Who Cares About Bitcoin & Cryptocurrencies Cryptocurrency has an odd and insular community. 27. Digging Further Down the Mine: Understanding Bitcoin Difficulty Bitcoin mining difficulty is currently at an all-time high. 28. Is Bitcoin Really Bad for the Environment? While there is some legitimacy to Bitcoin's negative carbon footprint, the claims are overblown and distributed ledgers can actually help the environment. 29. Here's Why MicroStrategy Put 85% of its Cash Reserves in Bitcoin What if we told you that one company now owns 0.182% of all Bitcoin that will ever exist. And it's not even a Bitcoin or cryptocurrency-related company. 30. Did We Front Run Bitcoin Seasonality? Did we front run Bitcoin seasonality? Here we analyze Bitcoin's 4-year cycle. 31. Bitcoin Bull Market Diaries Volume 4 Interview with Brian Lockhart For more background and history on the Bitcoin Bull Market Diaries check out Bitcoin Bull Market Diaries Volume 1 Interview with Hodlonaut. Brian Lockhart has been into Bitcoin since 2010 and currently works at Casa doing product managment for their Bitcoin + Lightning node product. Brian also runs the Seattle Bitcoin Meetup and is well known in the Bitcoin community. 32. Is Bitcoin Going To Breach $100k in 2021? Will Bitcoin reach 100k USD before the end of this year? What are the predictions for the crypto market and when can we expect the market peak? 33. Bitcoin Bull Market Diaries Volume 6 Interview with Crypto Meme Central For more background and history on the Bitcoin Bull Market Diaries check out Bitcoin Bull Market Diaries Volume 1 Interview with Hodlonaut.Crypto Meme Central is one of my favorite Bitcoin meme makers in the game. His sarcastic and witty memes are guaranteed to trigger the very people he pokes fun at. 34. The State Control over Property and Finance and How Bitcoin Can Help With Becoming Independent World history shows that during the last 3,400 years, only 268 of them were completely peaceful. This means that none of us have lived a single year during which there was no war in one part or another of the world. 35. “Bitcoin is going to hit $65,000, and it's going to hit it very soon,” - Anti Danilevski At the beginning of January 2021, Bitcoin set a new record-breaking price point, surpassing the $42,000 mark. Many experts believe that this is still far from the limit. 36. Bitcoin Is Emerging As The Only Pandemic-Resistant Currency in Our Globalized Economy There is an old saying in trading circles that goes “buy the rumour and sell the news”. As rumours of impending lockdowns and travel bans spread in late February, uncertainty was sowed in international financial markets. 37. The Developers' Guide to Liquid, One of the First Sidechains of Bitcoin by Blockstream If you are going to work on software using Liquid, the sidechain of Bitcoin, there are several concepts you need to be familiar with. 38. "The Correlation Between The Dollar And Bitcoin Has Been Inversely Proportional" - Nikita Soshnikov The crypto market now has a market capitalization of over $1.5 trillion. 39. How Will The Bitcoin Halving Impact You? It’s a question that I’m sure many Bitcoin owners are asking. In around 90 days from now on 8th May, Bitcoin’s mining reward will be cut in half (that’s what a ‘halving’ means) and crypto commentators believe that it could trigger some significant price activity, and boost the BTC price skywards. 40. "Ukrainians [are] among the top adopters of cryptocurrency in the world" Bitcoin among other Cryptocurrencies may soon be used legally in Ukraine, once President Volodymyr Zelensky signs legislation passed by Ukraine’s Parliament. 41. Education and Bitcoin Are Key to Wealth Protection Bitcoin Investors Are The Biggest Winners During InflationI believe there can only be one definition of inflation, and that is the one headlined by the Nobel Prize-winning economist, Milton Friedman: 42. About Bitcoin: What Altcoins and Shitcoins Don't Seem To Get After 30 years of trial and error, this new, pristine asset class called Bitcoin has emerged, it’s here, staring at you in the face. It works. 43. Savage Bitcoiners Volume 1: Interview with Psychedelic Bart Name: Psychedelic Bart a.k.a. Psycho Bart 44. Bitcoin Bull Market Diaries Volume 2 Interview with David Bennett David Bennett has been a vocal proponent of Bitcoin since 2015 and hosts the "Bitcoin And..." podcast where he features a variety of guests that discuss various Bitcoin topics. 45. Yet Another Case For Bitcoin Maximalism: Will BTC replace USD? Bitcoin vs. Dollar (USA), which one will become a global currency in the near future? Over half of the world’s population is aged under 35 and live in emerging markets, where national currencies are considered to be inferior to USD. 46. Hacker Noon's Bitcoin Manifesto Hint: We're Turning Up the Heat on Bitcoin Stories. Only the best will make the cut. 47. Bitcoin Shall Bring Back The Lost Art of Commercial Banking How emerging economies can lead the crypto revolution in commercial banking and enjoy an economic renaissance based on sound money 48. Mr. Ray Dalio - "You're Wrong. Again." Bitcoin Will Never Get Banned. Here's Why Invariably, as bitcoin spikes and defies gravity, either up or down, the attention of institutional investors, central bankers and prominent financiers is suddenly awaken. 49. Why You Should Start With A Small Allocation into Bitcoin in 2021 I first heard about Bitcoin in December 2017, at the peak of the bubble. My college roommates and I were drawing J curves on a whiteboard, predicting $100k Bitcoin and feeling FOMO for not getting in earlier. 50. The Case Against Crypto Maximalism Bitcoin is one of the 21st century's most remarkable innovations. The ability to send and receive value over the Internet without relying on a centralized intermediary signifies a paradigm shift in the evolution of money. Bitcoin's disruptive influence has extended far beyond money and could reach nearly every aspect of the global economy as there are several other social constructs that have the potential to be transformed by open blockchains. Blockchain-based technologies can help us digitize essential constructs, like contracts, in a manner that is less vulnerable to manipulation by third parties i.e.,  trust-minimized. 51. Understanding The Cryptocurrency Bull Run 2021 In this article, I explain the larger pieces of the puzzle contributing to this epic 2021 cryptocurrency bull run. 52. A PSA to Bitcoin Newbs A Public Service Announcement to Bitcoin Newbs: How to drown out the noise, stack sats and stay focused on the Bitcoin bull cycle. 53. Bitcoin: The Great Game The following are not my beliefs, but a compilation of notes from conversations I had with a self-described Bitcoin “mutant”, named Edan Yago, contributor to Sovryn. Letting him ramble on about Bitcoin resulted in mesmerizing, mythical, and fascinating ruminations about Bitcoin’s destiny. So for one, I myself believe in Bitcoin as a digital store of value. It is a huge chunk of my portfolio, and I believe it will outlast 99% of the cryptocurrencies we have today. There is no better symbol of scarcity and hard money in crypto to date. However, I feel just about the same level of admiration for Ethereum, as it is opening up so many use cases through DeFi and DAOs. I am putting my biases aside to explain a very rare (and what I find fascinating) point of view. I present you Part 1 of The Hero’s Journey of Bitcoin: 54. 5 Reasons Why Getting A Bitcoin-Based Retirement Plan Makes Sense Instead of utilizing a normal individual retirement account, perhaps you should consider getting a bitcoin IRA. Learn how these plans can stand above the rest! 55. Here's Why We Need Bitcoin [Part I] The objective of this series of posts is to show why Bitcoin is a better form of money than the ones we currently use. For that, however, we first need to think about some fundamental concepts without which considering Bitcoin in a serious way is impossible. 56. Bitcoin Bull Market Diaries Volume 5 Interview with Matt Odell For more background and history on the Bitcoin Bull Market Diaries check out Bitcoin Bull Market Diaries Volume 1 Interview with Hodlonaut. Most people know Matt Odell from the Tales From the Crypt podcast he co-hosts with Marty Bent. He is also cofounder of Final Message, Bitcoin Citadel and an advisor for Bottlepay and givebitcoin. 57. Bitcoin: Microstrategy's Michael Saylor Unchained The thinking and the strategies behind Saylor´s bold bitcoin investing. 58. Bitcoin As Legal Tender is Just The First  Step For El Salvador To Foster Economic Development What steps should El Salvador take to further bitcoinization and foster its economic development. Saylor and Tudor Jones:  start lobbying for Bitcoin 59. BTC Should Be in Your Portfolio: A Comparison of Bitcoin, Gold and ETFs When it comes to Bitcoin or its price, interested readers will find thousands of articles on the Internet. The range here extends from apocalyptic scenarios to extremely positive forecasts. On the one hand, it underlines the volatility and the unpredictable nature of the digital currency. On the other hand, the range shows that, while it is easy to obtain information in the digital age, it is all the more difficult to find high-quality information. Neutral and objective considerations are rare, as self-interest often accompanies the valuation of an asset. Thank you for checking out the 59 most read stories about Bitcoin Maximalism on HackerNoon. to find the most read stories about any technology. Visit the /Learn Repo

59 Stories To Learn About Bitcoin Maximalism

As the global startup investment slowdown begins to show signs of turning around, Southeast Asia’s startup ecosystem should prepare for a new fundraising landscape. A new report released this month by , Bain & Co, and Temasek, an investment firm owned by the government of Singapore, that investment into digital companies in Southeast Asia had reached its lowest level in six years. Google revealed Factors, including the global investment slowdown following the high-profile collapse of US-based , have played a role. In March, just after the bank’s implosion. Silicon Valley Bank Singapore Monetary Authority Chief Fintech Officer Sopnendu Mohanty , “Accessing capital will be the single biggest challenge” facing startups in the short term. said However, as the dark cloud that has hung over markets for the past year begins to of clearing, and the coffers of regional and global investors fill once more, Southeast Asia is poised as a region ripe for investment. Founders, though, should be aware of the changing fundraising landscape. show signs Founders should be laser-focused on profitability I have worked with Asian companies and governments for over a quarter century, organizing summits attended by heads of state, captains of industry, and entrepreneurs — most recently, the Horasis Asia Meeting being held in Binh Duong, Vietnam on December 3-4. My familiarity with the region gives me every confidence that Asian entrepreneurs will be able to emerge from the so-called “funding winter.” The region embraces a business culture of maximizing efficiency and profit — a mindset that will serve technology entrepreneurs courting tight-fisted investors who are increasingly worried about profitability over valuation. According to , Asian organizations have “pioneered many of the approaches that define world-class business practices today, from lean manufacturing to global business services.” McKinsey & Company Even as VC firms such as and are closing new, multi-million dollar funds for Southeast Asian startups, founders should be prepared to show a clear path to profitability and exit. During an investor conference in September, a general partner at Singapore-based Qualgro that the firm “passed one investment where founders were very good, the market was great … but we couldn’t see where the exit would be.” 500 Global Vertex told the audience Startups should keep sustainability at heart In recent years, some Southeast Asian countries have emerged as bright spots in the push toward sustainability. In 2021 Vietnam, a nation of just 97 million, became the world’s producer of solar power, and in August, Vietnamese electric vehicle (EV) company VinFast was than Ford and General Motors when it debuted on the NYSE. tenth-largest trading higher It is imperative that the next generation of startup unicorns coming out of the region keep sustainability at heart. Not only will this keep Southeast Asian countries on track to hit their goal of net-zero emissions by 2050, but it’s also likely to give them a leading edge in the current investor climate. While some startup sectors lagged during Q3 2023, late-stage companies in select industries such as semiconductors, AI, EVs and sustainability, received larger investments, according to from Crunchbase. And last year, global public and private investment into green energy hit $1 trillion for the first time, up from $32 billion in 2004, to BloombergNEF data. data according A recent of digital economy companies across Southeast Asia showed that while 85% of respondents showed interest in sustainability, less than 50% had actually implemented sustainable practices in their organizations. Startups must go beyond intention and act on sustainability practices, or risk being left behind in the global funding push towards sustainability. survey An end to the current global funding drought will come sooner than later, and Asian startups must remain poised to hit the ground running when the investment tides shift. *, Chairman, Horasis.* - Frank-Jürgen Richter Originally published on The Tech Panda.

Charting a Course: Strategic Priorities for Southeast Asian Startups in the Face of Funding Revival

Legacy automakers and electric vehicle companies are in a race for innovation. With multiple household brands now hoping to deliver on their electric vehicle (EV) promises, furthering investments into electrifying their line-ups, and - a wealth of new job opportunities are being developed alongside the surging growth. manufacturing better, faster, and more environmentally-friendly cars The combination of growing consumer demand, partnered with more progressive electric vehicle policies that aim to direct capital investment towards auto manufacturers is helping to fast-track the transition to electric and battery-operated vehicles across nearly every corner of the world. While regions such as the United States, Europe, and China are spearheading the EV transition, key changes in policy and political investment are helping advance technological development, boosting manufacturing capacity, and assisting in crafting more efficient trade agreements between various partners. The introduction of several policies in recent years, including the Inflation Reduction Act (IRA), and the Bipartisan Infrastructure Bill, have already helped generate new job opportunities and future possibilities for the U.S. EV industry. However, these key moments were only further building on top of an already growing industry that has experienced steady investment flowing from both the private and public sectors. Now, manufacturers are rushing to fill open positions, in a historically demanding job market that has already undergone tremendous transformation in recent years. The steady demand for new opportunities Following the pandemic, and the aftermath thereof, which later triggered perhaps the biggest shift in labor market conditions, and would be known as the - overall labor conditions have remained historically positive despite the presence of sticky inflation and eye-watering interest rates that were last seen during the Bush Administration. Great Resignation Experts predict that the current change in consumer behavior, and the shift towards owning a battery-operated-vehicle (BEV) could help result in surging job growth in the auto industry. The current prediction estimates that if BEVs are able to rise to a robust 50% of domestic auto sales by 2023, the automotive industry could within the decade. generate an additional 150,000 new jobs Yet, this wouldn’t be the first time that legacy automakers and EV companies would add to the growing and highly dynamic U.S. job market. In a by the Environmental Defense Fund and WSP, automakers have added more than 179,000 new EV jobs and over $165 billion in new electric vehicle investments during the last eight years. report Other claim that the amount of new jobs added by the EV investments is higher, with more than 188,000 new jobs generated in recent years, according to Blue Green Alliance Foundation and Atlas Public Policy's data. sources However, looking at this from a more diplomatic perspective, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, which doesn't necessarily specify how many new EV jobs have been added over the last decade or so, revealed that four key areas will continue to see increased demand in the coming years. Those areas include the design and development of electric vehicles; installation and maintenance of charging infrastructure; production of batteries; and automotive production jobs. Although these segments stretch beyond traditional labor market categories, new possibilities would only become more possible through direct investment in the wider auto industry, and better policies that can help secure the United States as a leader in the global EV industry. New employment opportunities require (some) losses While the auto industry might be experiencing tremendous change due to improved manufacturing policies and surging capital investment, unfortunately, growth doesn't come without cutting some losses throughout the process. Despite all the efforts, there remains a level of risk many experts are unable to clearly identify over the long term. There has been however some indication that policy inaction could lead to increased job losses spread across the auto industry, with some experts claiming more than due to poor policy management, and failure to improve investment opportunities. 75,0000 jobs could be lost by 2030 Stunted growth could stem from various factors, including slowing economic conditions, ineffective supply chain management, and failure to regain market dominance. This year already has seen one of these factors playing out on the broader marketplace, with big-tech companies, including Amazon, Microsoft, Meta, and Oracle to name just a few cutting their employee headcount due to slower client demand and rising prices. Throughout the year, more than , across various companies, departments, and vacancies were handed a pink slip, some often laid off via a virtual company call, or even being replaced by more efficient and productive artificial intelligence (AI) systems. 249,000 tech employees Auto workers haven’t been completely shielded from these events either. Last year, several big companies, including General Motors (GM), Volkswagen, Lucid Group, Ford, and Argo AI announced cutting their headcounts in an attempt to stabilize their balance sheets and restructure their forward-looking strategy. Some due to their transition towards EV manufacturing in recent years. Ford cut more than 8,000 jobs last year, in an attempt to focus more on its EV business segment. automakers have laid off employees General Motors wasn’t in the same boat, but treaded through similar waters, announcing that it would limit hiring of new positions, and rather focus on filling critical needs in positions that could help further boost its presence in the auto market and more importantly, the EV industry. Some electric vehicle companies are feeling similar tension rising up against the surface as workers begin to demand better pay, against a backdrop of surging materials and operational costs due to ineffective supply chains and geopolitical tension in Europe and the Middle East. Chinese-based EV startup, Nio, recently that due to slower sales growth and waning demand, the company will look to cut nearly 10% of its workforce. Earlier in the year, word surfaced that Rivian, an American EV automaker, was planning to as it looked towards restructuring its long-term strategy and regain market share due to the EV price war taking place between major automakers such as GM and announced cut around 6% of its workforce Tesla. Being laid off isn’t the only thing that prospective auto workers will need to be concerned about. In recent months, the United Auto Workers (UAW) Union, a labor union that represents auto workers in the U.S. and parts of southern Ontario, Canada, embarked on what was perhaps considered one of the biggest labor strikes in recent decades. In mid-September this year, roughly at three of the biggest manufacturing plants, including at General Motors, Ford, and Stellantis Jeep assembly plants. 13,000 auto workers dropped tools After nearly two months, the UAW and auto manufacturers that would help significantly increase the wages of some plant and assembly workers, further improve retirement benefits, boost pay for temporary workers, and reduce the minimum years required to receive higher pay benefits. managed to reach a deal For legacy automakers, this would perhaps be yet another defining moment in their history, however, for electric vehicle companies, that are still trying to gain a foothold in the auto industry, and having to struggle through the growth pains that come with any new market. The possibility of better wages and improved employee benefits are often overshadowed by the opportunity to become part of something that provides a sense of innovation, and a force of reckoning that’s still trying to navigate through various economic and political challenges. Looking for a job? You’ll need to be an engineer first With the wider auto industry witnessing significant changes, and with many automakers hoping to capitalize on consumer demand, progressive policies, and better investment opportunities, many of them have changed their tune regarding the type of employees they are now hiring to fill the need for critical skills that can help elevate their business growth. As the EV industry continues to develop and breach into new markets, employability has become increasingly competitive, and perhaps increasingly difficult for college graduates and job seekers hoping to land a job in such a multifaceted industry. While there are dozens, even hundreds of new job openings being posted by some of the biggest EV makers in the business, the qualifications required to even be considered for one of these jobs, never mind surviving the rigorous corporate hiring process, has become seemingly outlandish to some extent. The most , depending on the vacancy, often require applicants to hold either a Bachelor's Degree, or an equivalent degree in the field of engineering, design, development, or supply chain management. basic requirements Other, more critical jobs will require applicants to have a necessary qualification, in either electrical, chemical, mechanical, or robotics engineering. That’s not to mention, that some of these jobs will also require applicants to either have a portfolio that showcases their work or a minimum amount of years of working experience to be considered. Keep in mind that in the U.S., nearly with an engineering major will either drop out of college or change their major before graduating. The reason for this high figure? Well, one survey found that students are often ill-prepared for the complexity of the work, and many become overwhelmed with the amount of work and requirements needed to make it to graduation. Additionally, some students have indicated that a lack of success, support, and interest in the field are some of their reasons for changing majors or dropping out. 50 percent of students For less production-orientated positions, such as aftercare service and maintenance, job requirements can even be more stringent, coupled with a laborious hiring process. Due to the strong demand from manufacturers and service centers, and the high competition of entry, many applicants often find it increasingly challenging to land a maintenance job within their first few months of being qualified. With cars becoming more eclectic, new components and inner workings are being introduced, which often requires existing maintenance employees to undergo additional training, or already have the necessary qualifications to service and maintain electric cars. Landing a job is the easy part, even if it doesn’t feel that way. Keeping up with the massive amount of work is another challenge many employees often have to come to terms with. While there may be a short supply for specific jobs, many employees often find themselves having to manage several projects at once, or even doing multiple jobs simultaneously due to the inability to fill open positions. Other leading factors that could also make the job more demanding, and often leading to greater levels of exhaustion include longer working hours, demanding work environment, and lack of flexibility. On top of this, many employees, both on the production floor and in the corporate office have to deal with increased job urgency due to surging competition, and the ability to scale at a much quicker rate. Various studies and surveys have indicated that a culture of urgency in the workplace can lead to increased levels of employees feeling stressed and anxious, only further increasing burnout among employees. For many people, when the going gets tough, they simply quit and move on to the next thing, leaving automakers even more short-staffed. The doom cycle then only begins to repeat itself, as employees become increasingly burned out, many job dissatisfaction, leading many to quit or resign, further causing a higher employee turn around, and more pressure on existing employees to complete projects. will experience higher levels of Working in such a dynamic and multi-dimensional industry was never expected to be easy, yet many people continue to flock towards these opportunities for better pay and wages. show that some Tesla employees make a minimum of $80,000 per year, with a maximum making around $235,000 annually. The average salary for a Tesla employee was around $149,351 per year, making the median $145,000, with roughly 39.1% of Tesla employees making between $150,000 and $199,999. Records Other that many EV companies have been bumping up salaries to attract younger talent, with some mid-level jobs seeing a nearly 100% increase in pay, while senior management has received a steady, yet robust 50% pay increase. research suggests If you want to make money, you will need to work for it, that’s for sure. Finishing Thoughts New job seekers are taking better advantage of the increased opportunities that have been presented by the booming electric vehicle industry. However, the job doesn’t come easy, and demand is high, often creating stiff competition in the labor market. More importantly, future employees who want to work at some of the most innovative companies in the auto industry will need to hold a dedicated degree or qualification, which also doesn’t come easy. While no job is without a sense of urgency or stress, working on some of the most exciting projects that will help reshape the future of the global automotive market is perhaps something worth consideration. Although the journey leading up isn’t easy and requires a tremendous amount of investment, there’s truly something rewarding about working with all-electric cars that will help drive the next generation.

Currents of Opportunity: Navigating Job Openings in the Electric Vehicle Industry

সুযোগের স্রোত: বৈদ্যুতিক যানবাহন শিল্পে চাকরির সুযোগ নেভিগেট করা

Chancenströme: Navigieren zu offenen Stellen in der Elektrofahrzeugindustrie

Corrientes de oportunidades: navegando por las ofertas laborales en la industria de vehículos eléctricos

Courants d'opportunités : naviguer dans les offres d'emploi dans l'industrie des véhicules électriques

अवसर की धाराएँ: इलेक्ट्रिक वाहन उद्योग में नौकरी के अवसर तलाशना

チャンスの流れ: 電気自動車業界の求人をナビゲートする

기회의 흐름: 전기 자동차 산업에서 채용 기회 탐색

Correntes de oportunidades: navegando por vagas de emprego na indústria de veículos elétricos

Потоки возможностей: поиск вакансий в отрасли электромобилей

Fırsat Akımları: Elektrikli Araç Endüstrisindeki İş Fırsatlarını Yönlendirmek

Dòng cơ hội: Tìm kiếm cơ hội việc làm trong ngành xe điện

机遇潮流：电动汽车行业的职位空缺

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES

The American auto industry finds itself on potentially shaky ground, as a significant and historic labor movement gains momentum. On September 15, automotive production came to a screeching halt at three major facilities located in Michigan, Ohio, and Missouri. Details on the Strike This stoppage is due to nearly 13,000 members of the United Auto Workers (UAW) union deciding to down tools and walk off the job. Notably, this marks the inaugural occasion in U.S. history where the UAW has simultaneously initiated strikes against the "Big Three" automakers: Ford, General Motors, and Stellantis. Stellantis, it should be noted, isn't just a single brand. It encompasses a portfolio of 14 different automotive brands, which includes household names like Chrysler, Dodge, and Jeep. This wave of strikes was prompted by the expiration of union contracts for a vast number of UAW members, totaling approximately 150,000, who work for the Big Three. These contracts ran out on September 14. According to the details of this now-expired agreement, full-time autoworkers would start with an hourly wage of $18. This rate could climb to a peak of $32 per hour, but only after they have dedicated eight years to the job. Several pressing questions emerge in the wake of these developments. What is the Biden administration’s proposed plan to navigate or potentially mitigate this labor dispute? It remains crucial for the authorities to address this swiftly, given the immense economic implications of a prolonged strike and the negative consequences it can have on the livelihoods of thousands of workers. CBS that Ford Motor said it had temporarily laid off 600 non-striking workers at its assembly plant in Wayne, Michigan, only hours after other employees at the facility had walked off the job early Friday. reported UAW President Shawn Fain visited the Wayne plant Friday and said the strike will continue until Ford, GM, and Stellantis (which owns Chrysler, Dodge, Jeep, and RAM, along with foreign brands such as Peugeot and Open) lift worker wages and improve job security. Interestingly, in August, the Biden administration billions in grants and loans to help the auto industry transition to making electric vehicles — while retaining union workers for the new jobs, announced as reported by Michigan Radio. The $15.5 billion program is expected to be administered by the Department of Energy. Car companies that have a long history in auto manufacturing with an existing union workforce, will get preference for some of the money. That could mean the Detroit Three would have an application advantage over car makers in southern states with non-unionized workforces. While the immediate effects of the strike seem detrimental, it's possible that some sectors or entities might find an advantage. Who stands to benefit from this labor unrest? With traditional automakers facing such disruptions, does this present an opportunity for the Electric Vehicle (EV) market to capture a larger share? Could this strike inadvertently propel the EV industry to the forefront of the American automotive sector? The UAW strike is not just about immediate labor concerns. Beneath the surface, there's a deeper undercurrent of unease about the impending shift towards EVs and its potential implications for the labor market. By virtue of having fewer parts than their traditional internal combustion counterparts, EVs inherently demand less manual labor, potentially leading to significant job cuts. Moreover, the geographic distribution of these emerging EV industries raises eyebrows. A substantial portion of the new plants dedicated to EV manufacturing is sprouting in the southern states, where the climate is not particularly friendly towards labor unions. Companies like Tesla and several Asian EV manufacturers, while pioneering in the field, are criticized for not compensating their workforce adequately. The relatively lower wage structure in these firms stands in sharp contrast to what unionized workers in traditional automakers earn. Recognizing the tidal wave of change coming, the UAW sees this juncture as crucial. It's not just about immediate wages or working conditions; it's about setting a precedent for the future of American EV manufacturing. The union aims to ensure that as the EV industry flourishes, the workforce isn't sidelined but rather receives a just portion of the burgeoning profits. Parallel to this labor-management dispute runs a broader political narrative. There's an ongoing tug-of-war between factions advocating a rapid shift to EVs to curb carbon emissions and those championing the rights of fossil fuels. Some argue for a more laissez-faire approach, proposing that market forces alone should dictate the speed of this automotive evolution. What Happens Next? Amidst this complicated and layered saga, the Biden administration has come under scrutiny. The question arises: What steps is the current government taking to mediate and guide this transformation? As we stand on the cusp of an automotive revolution, the choices made now will undoubtedly influence the trajectory of the U.S. auto industry for decades. The intersection of labor rights, technological advancements, and environmental concerns promises a difficult road ahead, and we will need to come together to navigate it. Only time will tell how these events will unfold and shape the future of the American automotive landscape. Until then, let us hope everyone keeps their jobs.

Is America’s Auto Industry in Trouble?

Let's learn about via these 46 free stories. They are ordered by most time reading created on HackerNoon. Visit the to find the most read stories about any technology. Self Driving Cars /Learn Repo Everything to know about self-driving cars: the good and the bad. 1. All You Need to Know About the Tesla Dojo Supercomputer All about the Dojo Supercomputer, what it is, why it was created, how it works and what it will be used for 2. Examples of AI Implementation in Transport AI is disrupting many industries, and its impact could be felt across the transport sector. The automotive industry has begun applying artificial intelligence in critical tasks such as self-driving cars, traffic management, etc. where safety and reliability is a major concern. Even though the technology is not being implemented on a wide scale, but it feels like the future of transportation is here. From Tesla’s Autonomous Semi Truck to self-organizing fleets, AI has shown promising results in this domain. 3. Can You React Faster than a Self-Driving Car on 5G Networks? This article is about how self-driving cars and 5G will make roads safer for everyone. 4. Top 5 Technology Innovations in 2020 You Have to Be Ready For The current year is replete with technological innovations that are capable of plotting a vector for the development of the entire industry for 2020 and subsequent years. The AI-operated robotic hand Dactyl that solves Rubik’s cube with one hand, the BERT, an advanced voice assistant, that launched a rocket into natural language understanding, smart watches with electrocardiogram sensors embedded – all these 2019 innovations allow us to suggest that the era of digital dystopia is just around the corner. With the tech industry becoming more advanced, cyber threats are expected to be complex and far-reaching. Fortunately, the cyber defence industry is not rest on its laurels, even now there are lots of methods to protect yourself from threats (you can read about it on Cooltechzone). 5. Using FPGA in the Near Future: Trends and Predictions The FPGA market continues to boom. According to the global forecast, over the next few years, its CAGR will be at an average of 8.6%. But the most interesting are new appliances of the tech, which are sometimes more akin to science fiction than to real life. 6. How to Hack Self-Driving Cars: Vulnerabilities in Autonomous Vehicles Self driving cars use artificial intelligence to allow vehicles like Tesla to drive without human interaction. This feature makes these cars vulnerable to hack. 7. The Top Ten Hottest Trends in Automobile Technology The transformative force of technology can be felt in all types of businesses, including the automobile industry. Technology has helped to transform the various aspects of the automotive sector include the buying process and the driving experience. 8. 5 Companies Developing Computer Vision Technology in 2020 Computer vision technology is the poster child of artificial intelligence. It is the sector of the industry that gets the most media attention because of the tools and benefits the technology can provide. From autonomous vehicles and drones to cancer detection and augmented reality, technologies that once only existed in science fiction are now at our doorstep. 9. Reinforcement Learning: 10 Real Reward & Punishment Applications In Reinforcement Learning (RL), agents are trained on a reward and punishment mechanism. The agent is rewarded for correct moves and punished for the wrong ones. In doing so, the agent tries to minimize wrong moves and maximize the right ones. 10. What is the Future of Autonomous Trucking? As technology improves, many people wonder if autonomous trucks could meet some of the world’s supply chain needs. 11. Connecting Autonomous Vehicles to Mapping Systems via the Cloud Autonomous vehicles are here. 12. Insights From Waymo: Self-Driving Taxis Are The Future of Ride-Hailing In the on-demand market, ride-hailing is one of the key services that account for a higher percentage of total revenue. Uber is the first ride-hailing app that entered the market and following that many taxi services launched their business in the market. Many taxi apps became successful and are still sustaining in the market. There is so much competition in the taxi service industry. Many small scale taxi services are competing with each other to become the key players in the market. 13. Self-Driving Cars: What Will Happen in 2020 Image Source: Pexels As we take our first steps into the new decade, it’s an interesting time to take a look at just how far technology has progressed. While we are at the ubiquitous robot workers stage, we certainly benefit from advances that define our current digital landscape. One area of futuristic technology that is gaining ground is autonomous vehicles (AV). 14. The Inevitable Symbiosis of Cybersecurity and AI While improvements in AI and Deep Learning move forward at an ever increasingly rapid rate, people have started to ask questions. Questions about jobs being made obsolete, questions about the inherent biases programmed into the neural networks, questions about whether or not AI will eventually consider humans as dead-weight and unnecessary to achieve the goals they've been tasked programmed with. 15. Mass Transit In a Post COVID-19 World As I write this on April 18, 2020, there are over 156,000 global deaths due to COVID-19, which is actually a tiny percent, however, this disease is incredibly communicable and is still not well understood. 16. 4 Overlooked Challenges to Our Shiny Self-Driving Future According to the United States Environmental Protection Agency, transportation alone contributes 29 percent of US greenhouse gas emissions and according to the World Health Organization, approximately 1.35 million people die each year as a result of road traffic crashes, but self-driving cars are coming to fix this, with multi-billion dollar tech and motor companies like Google, Uber, Ford, and General Motors betting on the future of transportation to be one with electric, autonomous and shared vehicles. 17. Uber CEO Interview, and the Advent of Self Driving Car Technology 18. General Motor's Claims To Commercialise the Most Innovative Battery Technology GM has made the much-overlooked claim that by mid-decade, it expects to commercialize the most exotic of the stretch futuristic batteries currently on electric vehicle drawing boards. 19. Everything You Need to Know About 5G 5G is the latest network connectivity experience that you can get. It comes along with a variety of benefits and possibilities. In fact, you can use 5G to achieve things that you couldn’t do with the help of 4G. Therefore, it is worthy to take a look at 5G and get a better overall understanding about all the possibilities that it can offer. 20. The Future Self-Driving Cars and Their Societal Impact What societal changes might we see from the advent of self-driving cars? Self-driving cars may one day eliminate traffic laws, DUIs, and major accidents 21. Addressing Four Myths About the AI Industry: Reasons Not to Fear Artificial Intelligence Many people are worried about artificial intelligence taking over the world. A recent study found that 60% of the people in the UK fear AI. Tesla founder Elon Musk says that AI is humanity’s “biggest existential threat,” and that it poses a “fundamental risk to the existence of civilization.” 22. Why WFH Could Spell The End of Motoring as We Know it Covid-19 has thrown us into an era of great uncertainty. Every industry has been impacted by the devastating pandemic in some way or another, and there’s no sign of a return to normal life in the pipeline any time soon. 23. How Pandemic Problem Motivates AI Developers To Help Manufacturing Industries The global pandemic has persuaded a number of manufacturers to pursue an AI-driven transformation of their operations, according to studies by Cap Gemini and the Boston Consulting Group. What has been noticed is the way in which they are combining human experience and insight with AI tools to find ways to differentiate themselves from their competitors, as well as drive down costs and protect their profit margin. So, what are the most popular ways of using AI in manufacturing industries? 24. Tesla Stock Wears A Double Halo (Illustration: Mike Bloom) 25. How Self-Driving Cars Will Change the Auto Insurance Industry Welcome to the dawn of the self-driving car era, and a subsequent emerging challenge: how to insure them. 26. [Interview] How Technology Is Reshaping Transportation: Trends and Challenges Why will more people switch to cars as their choice of transportation? When will all vehicles become self-driving? I had the opportunity to sit down and talk about these issues in greater detail with Alexander Sapov, the CEO of GetTransfer.com, one of the biggest airport-to-city transfer providers. 27. AI Technologies that are Reshaping Social Infrastructure Together with the rise of the Internet, access to large repositories of data has helped machine learning technology grow exponentially. The incredibly quick pace of growth was unprecedented. As a result, it is obvious that AI will make a significant impact on the world in the years to come. However, with the numerous established and emerging fields of AI around today, such a blanket statement doesn’t provide much concrete meaning. 28. How AI Is Transforming Your Smartphone The tech industry and the world are relying on artificial intelligence to solve big problems such as cybersecurity, healthcare and sustainability. 29. How to Annotate 100 LIDAR Scans in 1 Hour: A Step-by-Step Guide A guide to efficient annotation of 3D point clouds for use in self-driving vehicles. Fast semantic segmentation of the drivable areag 30. Why the Rise of Active Assistance and Safety Systems Must Not Distract Drivers While the introduction of assistance and safety technologies intends to reduce vehicle accidents, improper use endangers the driver and other road users. 31. Car Safety Technology Is A Must-Have To Save Pedestrians' Lives When we talk about pedestrian traffic, safety must be the top concern. But sadly, transportation infrastructure worldwide pays more attention to the vehicle's safety, not people. 32. How Can Smartphone Tech Elevate Car Technology To Help Assess The Roads Better? Many cars nowadays have a navigation system with a display inside the car of where you are going. 33. When Will Self-Driving Cars Become Safe Enough? UK's government is still preparing for the widespread arrival of self-driving cars, but how safe are self-driving vehicles right now? 34. How We Built A Cross-Region Hybrid Cloud Storage Gateway for ML & AI at WeRide In this blog, guest writer Derek Tan, Executive Director of Infra & Simulation at WeRide, describes how engineers leverage Alluxio as a hybrid cloud data gateway for applications on-premises to access public cloud storage like AWS S3. 35. SpaceX Technology May Have The Potential To Revolutionise The Future of Cars As the years have gone by, entrepreneur Elon Musk has undoubtedly become a household name. His broader visions, and not to mention wealth, has helped him to carve out a legendary mark in outer space and the automotive industry alike. [36. Edge Computing Is So Fun - Part 2: The Future  Begins with The Road Side Unit](https://hackernoon.com/edge-computing-is-so-fun-part-2-the-future-begins-with-the-road-side-unit-4ls3wrp) This is the second in a series of articles on edge computing, delving into the infrastructure of outdoor edge computing, the emergence of the Roadside Unit as a common building block, a real-life example of the Roadside Unit, and the way forward. 37. 10 Stocks to Consider When Looking to Invest in Connected Cars Space The rollout of 5G is making even more connections possible, and one of the revolutionary  trends in the connected world is connected cars. Vehicles are getting smarter than ever before, and they’ll be using up a lot of data as more and more get connected to the Internet of Things. 38. Driving Change: 5 Automotive Trends and Innovations During the Coronavirus pandemic, people’s attitudes towards public transportation and carsharing have changed. They are not safe enough. Precisely because of that, most users are now finding comfort in owning a private vehicle. 39. Time Travel Through 2010s Technology: Part 2 In the first part of the series “Time travel through 2010s technology” we looked at how operating systems, phones, tablets, smartwatches and smartglasses changed through the last decade. The 2010s changed how we interact with technology, but more importantly, how we think about the impact it has in our lives. 40. How to Train Self-Parking Car Using Genetic Algorithm (<500 Lines of Code) Learn how to train the car to do self-parking using a genetic algorithm. 41. Survey on Acoustic Sensors in Self-Driving Cars Sound has been used in numerous applications as a tool for object localization. Audio technology can enhance object detection and may improve self driving cars. 42. Another Self-Driving Car Accident: New AI Development Lesson To Learn From (Source: https://blogs.nvidia.com) 43. Automotive Companies only Access 5% of their Vehicle Data Only 5% of autonomous driving sensor data is used for product development today. Better data infrastructure holds the keys to progress. 44. Driverless Vehicles: There's No Such Thing As Too Much Safety State and local governments are starting to permit the testing of driverless cars. This will likely result in accidents and traffic jams. 45. Tesla AI Day: How Does Tesla's Autopilot Work An overview of Andrej Karpathy's talk at Tesla AI Day on how Tesla's autopilot works in 10 minutes. 46. 22 Predictions for the Tech Landscape in 2022 From the Metaverse to Space Wars, it’s going to be a bumpy ride. Thank you for checking out the 46 most read stories about Self Driving Cars on HackerNoon. to find the most read stories about any technology. Visit the /Learn Repo

46 Stories To Learn About Self Driving Cars

Let's learn about via these 24 free stories. They are ordered by most time reading created on HackerNoon. Visit the to find the most read stories about any technology. Automotive /Learn Repo 1. Electric Vehicles: to Buy or Not to Buy Electric Vehicles are Popular, but Should YOU Get One? 2. Designing an HMI in Automotive: A Stress-Free and Intuitive Way In 2020, sophisticated-car infotainment system designs are no longer impressive. Smartphone integration, voice assistance, recognition of driver distraction, assisted personalized driving, connected in-car payments can be easily taken for granted. With the rapid growth of automotive technologies, OEMs are being challenged to create HMIs that offer usability and ensure safety while standing out from the competition. Still, there are general rules that can be helpful to those interested in designing an HMI for connected cars and who are approaching this topic for the first time. 3. Top 10 Software Development Companies Working with Automotive AI Make choosing an AI software development partner easier for yourself: check out this top 10 selection of industry-approved teams. 4. Electric Cars: What Does the Future Hold? Better Batteries and Wireless Charging Electric Cars: What Does the Future Hold? 5. Automotive Industry Revolution: How BMW Leverages AR & VR in Car Production The main indicators of car competitiveness are price, quality, technical specifications, design, operating costs, and safety. In order to increase the competitiveness of automobiles, it is necessary to improve product development methods, introduce new design technologies, use computer capabilities, and mathematical modeling in all aspects of experimental design work. But the central aspect is to follow the latest technology trends. Important tools, such as AR and VR, are already widely used in the automotive industry. 6. SpaceX Technology May Have The Potential To Revolutionise The Future of Cars As the years have gone by, entrepreneur Elon Musk has undoubtedly become a household name. His broader visions, and not to mention wealth, has helped him to carve out a legendary mark in outer space and the automotive industry alike. 7. Electric Vehicles: Driving Towards a Sustainable Future With Artificial Intelligence Electric vehicles are redefining the automotive industry, and with supportive government policies and Artificial Intelligence, the future looks promising. 8. Why Hasn't Tesla Entered the Indian Market? The internet has been buzzing since Elon Musk announced that Tesla is coming to India next year. This is big news and not just for the people who are waiting to get their hands on a luxury electric car like Tesla but also for the entire electric vehicles (EV) industry in the country. 9. In-car Payment Systems Unlock New Opportunities for M2M Economy The full potential of in-car payment systems will be revealed in the machine-to-machine economy and a cooperative mobility ecosystem 10. How to Increase the Market Cap of Your Car Company The route to success in the automotive industry is a meticulous and ever-evolving process. 11. How the Rapid Demise of Entry-Level Cars has Increased Average Prices Why are manufacturers pushing entry-level cars out of production? Read and find out the reason why average car prices are rising. 12. Sensor-based Control in Cobots: Its Opportunities and Challenges Introduction of the very basic formulation of the major sensor-servo problem, and then presenting its most common approaches like touch-based, 13. How to Create an Image Processing App in 72 hours In November 2018, Volvo ran a hackathon that gathered talents from all over the globe to generate innovative ideas focused on undercarriage inspection automation. Our team created the best solution from scratch after 72 hours of live coding! Here’s how we did it. 14. Talking Cars: The Role of Conversational AI in Shaping the Future of Automobiles While self-driving cars remain a futuristic concept, ChatGPT will soon accompany drivers during their commutes through stimulating conversations. 15. The Future of Automotive Tech: Top Trends in 2023 Here’s a look at five of the biggest technology trends that will shape the automotive market in 2023. 16. Architecture Design of a Smart, Scalable, AI-driven Robotic Production Factory The core concepts of the architecture and design of a scalable, smart, robotics production factory is outlined. 17. Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicles are Not a Solution to Climate Change How is it that fuel cell vehicles using hydrogen as a fuel are touted as climate-friendly vehicles? California even subsidizes the purchase of a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle. The advocates never reveal the source of the hydrogen would most likely be coming as a byproduct of fracking in pursuit of natural gas. 18. The Hack to Driving Down Car Expenses A look at inflation's impact on gas and car insurance prices. 19. Tesla Stock Wears A Double Halo (Illustration: Mike Bloom) 20. Finding the Right Development Tool and Platform for a Vehicle HMI The key challenges and crossroads for selecting a platform and UI Development tool for an Automotive HMI system. 21. General Motor's Claims To Commercialise the Most Innovative Battery Technology GM has made the much-overlooked claim that by mid-decade, it expects to commercialize the most exotic of the stretch futuristic batteries currently on electric vehicle drawing boards. 22. How AI from Driver Technologies Company Helps To Protect the Motorists Across the world, more than 1.3 million people die in car accidents, and over 50 million people are seriously injured every year. That’s nearly 4,000 people each day. Drivers in developing nations are most at risk. Only 54% of the world’s motor vehicles are in developing countries, but 90% of the world’s fatal car accidents occur in those countries. Even within the wealthiest countries vehicle-related injury and death are directly correlated to personal and neighborhood incomes. 23. How To Build An OBD2 Reader For Car Diagnostics Full guide for car scanner ELM327 OBD2 reader app development. Connection, reading diagnostic data, and decoding vehicle errors. 24. Motor Vehicle Hacking: How Cybercriminals Hack Your Car Any system in a smart vehicle connecting to the Internet, fleet management software, or an EV charging network is a potential entry point for hackers. Thank you for checking out the 24 most read stories about Automotive on HackerNoon. to find the most read stories about any technology. Visit the /Learn Repo

24 Stories To Learn About Automotive

Tesla is here to stay and keep fighting for the electric car revolution —Elon Musk. Nikola Tesla doesn’t own Tesla. The 19th-century inventor discovered the properties of rotating electromagnetic fields, and there was no better way to pay homage to the pioneer than by naming the company after him. Elon Musk is not the founder but a Co-founder. But does being a co-founder not make you the founder? Let’s roll back the years of Tesla’s beginning. Tesla’s Beginning Martin Eberhard and Marc Tarpenning met at Wyse Technology a few years before they found on July 1, 2003, at 845 Oak Grove Avenue in Menlo Park. Tesla Their inspiration came from General Motors' aborted car line EV1 which ran between 1996-1999, and AC propulsion all-electric cars. Ian Wright joined the same year. As they sought investment for their new company, they were recommended to Elon Musk, who readily invested $6.5 million of the total $7.5 million received in February 2004. Elon became the largest shareholder and chairman of the company. Harold Rosen took J.B. Straubel to Elon Musk to help pitch his all-electric plane. Musk didn’t show interest, so Straubel grabbed the opportunity to pitch how all-electric cars could work with lithium-ion battery technology. Musk got shocked by this discovery because he had always thought ultracapacitors were the only way to go electric. Musk encouraged Straubel to join . He joined in May 2004. Tesla These five became the company’s Co-founders. Musk spearheaded Tesla’s second round of investment and secured $13 million in 2005. And the third round of investment was in May 2006. He raked in $40 million by encouraging his friends, Google Co-founders Larry Page, and Sergey Brin, to invest. Jeff Skoll, former president of , was among its investors. eBay In 2006, the Roadster prototype was launched. The company’s first product that’s capable of incurring profits. Before now, investors money powered the company. Power, Money, And Survival A leadership tussle struck Tesla before Roadster’s launch. The board asked Eberhard to step down as CEO in 2007. He then took the title of President of Technology and remained on the advisory board but left in 2008. Tarpenning, unsatisfied with the situation, left a month after. Michael Marks became CEO temporarily in August 2007 after Eberhard stepped down, then Ze’ev Dvori took over permanently in December 2007. He’s recognized for the successful launch of Roadster, selling over 2,500 Roadsters at $109,000- $200,000. Musk became CEO in October 2008 and laid off 20% of its workers due to the financial crisis. The crisis ate so deep that Tesla was on the verge of bankruptcy till Daimler AG bought 10% of its stake for $50 million in May 2009, and the US Department of Energy gave a $465 million loan by June 2009. On June 29, 2010, because it needed as much capital as possible. Tesla entered the US Stock and raised $226 million, $17 per share, in its IPO The company survived this financial crisis. The Lightyears In 2012, Roadsters production stopped, and the focus was on producing Model S. to begin Model S production. Tesla bought a 5.3-million-square-foot plant from Toyota for $42 million The Roadster had three versions in 2007, 2011, and 2013 but the Model S luxury sedan came with a different structure. Model S had its battery pack underneath, which created more space at the rear compared to Roadster. This structure improved its handling due to its low center of gravity. The 2012 car is aimed at entering the mainstream consumer market, unlike the Roadster which is seen as the billionaire's play toy. The model received several automotive and environmental awards, , which also named it “the best car ever tested.” a near-perfect score of 99 out of 100 from Consumer Reports Superchargers station, its first freestanding charging station, was introduced on September 24, 2012, with six stations opened in California. Today, it operates more than 45,000 supercharger stations at over 5,000 sites worldwide, including 1,966 in North America, 985 in Europe, and 2,069 in the Asia/Pacific region. From 2014, autopilot drive was available in Model S and subsequent products. released the Model X, a vehicle built on a car chassis but with features of a sport-utility vehicle in 2015. The crossover vehicle has a maximum battery range of about 340 miles (547 km) and seats up to seven. Tesla In April 2015, Tesla entered the energy storage market, unveiling its Tesla Powerwall and battery packs. The company received orders valued at $800 million within a week of the unveiling. Tesla bought Solar City in August 2016 for $2.6 million and entered the photovoltaics market. From this moment, they could directly make their equipment. The Roadster maker launched the Model 3 as an affordable sedan for the mass consumer market in 2016. Tesla aimed to own a product line of Model S, E, X.  Originally named Model E, Model 3 became its official name because another company threatened to sue them over rights. . Model 3 became an all-time bestselling plug-in electric car worldwide and the first to sell 1 million units globally in June 2021. Musk, excited by the sales prospect of the car, announced that the second half would deliver 200,000 vehicles in 2017 Tesla opened its first Gigafactory in 2016 outside Reno, Nevada. Gigafactories are where Tesla produces its batteries and vehicles. It built these large factories in Buffalo, New York, and Shanghai, China, and more Gigafactories were planned. Tesla batteries can last 300,000 to 500,000 miles, with major companies now using them for their projects. Grohmann Automation was acquired for 109.5 million in January 2017. Tesla also acquired companies such as Riviera Tool, Perbix, Compass Automation, Hibar Systems, and German ATW Automation for their automation expertise, along with Maxwell Technologies and SilLion for battery technology. In 2017, because they’re no longer just a car company; they’re a provider of energy solutions across many sectors. They deal with electric vehicles, battery energy storage systems, and solar power generation. Tesla Motors changed to Tesla Conflict and Lawsuits Tesla has faced over 1000 lawsuits. Eberhard’s got a fight in him. He sued Tesla for forcing him out of the company, including libel and slander, in June 2009. . The company blamed supply chains. It soon became the bestselling electric car. Musk's failed prediction of Model 3 delivery cost them 5%, that’s over $2 billion in 2017 as investors began to dump their stocks Further problems came for Tesla in August 2018 when Musk tweeted that he was planning to take the company private at $420 and that he’s secured funds for that. Investors began to trade their stock before the privatization buyback occurred. The stock price went up by 10%. And SEC fined the company and Musk for misleading information and ruled that Musk's tweets must now pass through the company’s attorney. The company removed Musk as Director of the Board, and Robyn Denholm took over, but Elon remained Tesla’s CEO. Cost of Tesla and Vision 2020 Tesla released another crossover, the Model Y, in 2020. The Model Y was smaller and less expensive than the Model X and shared many of the same parts as the Model 3. Tesla Semi Truck came into the market in 2022. PepsiCo, Disney, Mecca, and Sons are among its customers. The electric trucks can go 0-60 mph in five seconds without cargo and in 20 seconds while carrying 80,000 pounds of cargo. It has an innovative cabin design with impact-resistant glass. And can travel 400 miles on a 30-minute charge. Tesla Cybertruck is an upcoming all-electric pickup soon to be released in 2023. The under $40,000 exoskeleton design truck will come in three variations, with battery ranges of 250, 350, and 500 miles. The truck's speed is 0 to 60 mph in 2.9 seconds. Tesla plans to release a new version of its classic Roadster model, offering a 0-60mph time of 1.9 sec with 737 lb-ft of torque. Cost Of Tesla’s Vehicles $88,490, Plaid $108,490. Model S Model 3 $53,240, LR $47,240 Wheel Drive $40,240 Model X $98,490, Plaid $108,490 Model Y LR $50,490, Performance $54,490, All Wheel Drive $47,740 Tesla’s Annual Revenue Since 2008 2008    $15 million 2009    $112 million 2010    $117 million 2011    $204 million 2012    $413 million 2013    $2.01 billion 2014    $3.2 billion 2015    $4.05 billion 2016    $7 billion 2017    $11.76 billion 2018    $21.46 billion 2019    $24.58 billion 2020    $31.54 billion 2021    $53,823 billion 2022    $81.46 billion Bottom Line The number one electric vehicle company now faces competition from BYD, General Motors, Ford, and Mercedes-Benz as the shift to greener vehicles continues. Tesla has changed how cars are made yet has not slowed down on its innovations. The company’s market cap, which once hit the trillion dollar mark, will be back there in a few months as we’re sure of an eventful 2023.

How Tesla Emerged And Disrupted The Automotive Industry

This story was originally published on by and . and contributed reporting. ProPublica Isaac Arnsdorf Ryan Gabrielson Mollie Simon Caroline Chen President Joe Biden has to immunize every American against COVID-19, and his administration says it’s using the full force of the federal government to get the doses . There’s a reason he can’t promise them sooner. ordered enough vaccines by July Vaccine supply chains are extremely specialized and sensitive, relying on expensive machinery, highly trained staff and finicky ingredients. Manufacturers have run into intermittent shortages of key materials, according to the ; the combination of surging demand and workforce disruptions from the pandemic has caused delays of four to 12 weeks for items that used to ship within a week, much like what happened when consumers were sent scrambling for household staples like , and . U.S. Government Accountability Office flour chicken wings toilet paper People often question why the administration can’t use the mighty Defense Production Act — which empowers the government to demand critical supplies before anyone else — to turbocharge production. But that law has its limits. Each time a manufacturer adds new equipment or a new raw materials supplier, they are required to run extensive tests to ensure the hardware or ingredients consistently work as intended, then submit data to the Food and Drug Administration. Adding capacity “doesn’t happen in a blink of an eye,” said Jennifer Pancorbo, director of industry programs and research at North Carolina State University’s Biomanufacturing Training and Education Center. “It takes a good chunk of weeks.” And adding supplies at any one point only helps if production can be expanded up and down the entire chain. “Thousands of components may be needed,” said Gerald W. Parker, director of the Pandemic and Biosecurity Policy Program at Texas A&M University’s Scowcroft Institute for International Affairs and a former senior official in the Department of Health and Human Services office for preparedness and response. “You can’t just turn on the Defense Production Act and make it happen.” The U.S. doesn’t have spare facilities waiting around to manufacture vaccines, or other kinds of factories that could be converted the way last year. General Motors began producing ventilators The GAO said the Army Corps of Engineers is helping to expand existing vaccine facilities, but it can’t be done overnight. Building new capacity would take two to three months, at which point the new production lines would still face weeks of testing to ensure they were able to make the vaccine doses correctly before the companies could start delivering more shots. “It’s not like making shoes,” Dr. Anthony Fauci, director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, said in an interview with ProPublica. “And the reason I use that somewhat tongue-in-cheek analogy is that people say, ‘Ah, you know what we should do? We should get the DPA to build another factory in a week and start making mRNA.’ Well, by the time a new factory can get geared up to make the mRNA vaccine exactly according to the very, very strict guidelines and requirements of the FDA ... we already will have in our hands the 600 million doses between Moderna and Pfizer that we contracted for. It would almost be too late.” Fauci added that the DPA works best for “facilitating something rather than building something from scratch.” The Trump administration deployed the Defense Production Act to give vaccine manufacturers priority in accessing crucial production supplies before anyone else could buy them. last year And the Biden administration used it to help Pfizer obtain specialized needles that can squeeze a sixth dose from the company’s vials, as well as for two critical manufacturing components: filling pumps and tangential flow filtration units. The pumps help supply the lipid nanoparticles that hold and protect the mRNA — the vaccines’ active ingredient, so to speak — and also fill vials with finished vaccine. The filtration units remove unneeded solutions and other materials used in the manufacturing process. These highly precise pieces of equipment are not typically available on demand, said Matthew Johnson, senior director of product management at Duke University’s Human Vaccine Institute, who works on developing mRNA vaccines, but not for COVID-19. “Right now, there is so much growth in biopharmaceuticals, plus the pinch of the pandemic,” he said. “Many equipment suppliers are sold out of production, and even products scheduled to be made, in some cases, sold out for a year or so looking forward.” In the meantime, the shortage of vaccines is creating widespread frustration and anxiety as eligible people struggle to get appointments and millions of others wonder how long it will be before it is their turn. , the U.S. had distributed 72.4 million doses and administered 56.3 million shots, but fewer than 16 million people have received both of the two doses that the Pfizer and Moderna vaccines require for full protection. As of Feb. 17 The Biden administration has said it is increasing vaccine shipments to states by 20%, to 13.5 million doses a week, and encouraged states to give out all their shots instead of holding on to some for second doses. But now that second-dose appointments are coming due, many jurisdictions are having to focus on those and stepping back from vaccinating uninoculated people. Even as the total number of vaccinations increased last week, the number of first doses fell to 6.8 million people, down from 7.8 million three weeks ago, according to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention data. At best, it will take until June for manufacturers to deliver enough doses for the roughly 266 million eligible Americans age 16 and over, according to public statements by the companies. That includes expected deliveries of Johnson & Johnson’s one-dose vaccine, which is widely expected to win emergency authorization from the FDA shortly after a public advisory committee meeting on Feb. 26. But Johnson & Johnson has fallen behind in manufacturing. The company told the it will have only 2 million doses ready to go by the time the vaccine is authorized, whereas its $1 billion with HHS scheduled 12 million doses by the end of February. GAO contract It’s not clear what held up Johnson & Johnson’s production line; the company has benefited from first-priority purchases thanks to the DPA, according to a senior executive close to the manufacturing process. A Johnson & Johnson spokesman declined to comment on the cause of the delay, but said the company still expects to ship 100 million U.S. doses by July. Vaccine supply won’t cover all Americans until late spring, at best Public statements from vaccine developers Pfizer, Moderna and Johnson & Johnson illustrate how many people could be covered by the available U.S. supply from now until the end of the summer. Sources: , company press releases and statements, news reports, . Information as of Feb. 16. U.S. Census 2020 Demographic Analysis estimates GAO Moderna declined to comment on “operational aspects” of its manufacturing, but “does remain confident in our ability to meet contracted quantities” of its vaccine to the U.S. and other nations, a spokesperson said in a statement. Pfizer did not respond to ProPublica’s written questions. Ramping up production is especially challenging for Pfizer and Moderna, whose vaccines use an mRNA technology that’s never been mass-produced before. The companies started production even before they finished trials to see if the vaccines worked, another historic first. But it wasn’t as if they could instantly crank out millions of vaccines full blast, since they effectively had to invent a novel manufacturing process. “Putting together plans 12 months ago for a Phase 1 and 2 trial, and making enough to dose a couple hundred patients, was a big deal for the raw material suppliers,” said Johnson, the product manager at Duke University’s vaccine institute. “It's just going from dosing hundreds of patients a year ago to a billion.” Raw materials for the Pfizer and Moderna vaccines are also in limited supply. The manufacturing process begins by using common gut bacteria cells to grow something called “plasmids” — standalone snippets of DNA — that contain instructions to make the vaccine’s genetic material, said Pancorbo, the North Carolina State University biomanufacturing expert. Next, specific enzymes cultivated from bacteria are added to cause a chemical reaction that assembles the strands of mRNA, Pancorbo said. Those strands are then packaged in lipid nanoparticles, microscopic bubbles of fat made using petroleum or plant oils. The fat bubbles protect the genetic material inside the human body and help deliver it to the cells. Only a few firms specialize in making these ingredients, which have previously been sold by the kilogram, Pancorbo said. But they’re now needed by the metric ton — a thousandfold increase. Moderna and Pfizer need bulk, but also the highest possible quality. “There are a number of organizations that make these enzymes and these nucleotides and lipids, but they might not make it in a grade that is satisfactory for human consumption,” Pancorbo said. “It might be a grade that is satisfactory for animal consumption or research. But for injection into a human? That’s a different thing.” Johnson & Johnson’s vaccine follows a slightly more traditional method of growing cells in large tanks called bioreactors. This takes time, and the slightest contamination can spoil a whole batch. Since the process deals with living things, it can be more like growing plants than making shoes. “Maximizing yield is as much of an art as it is a science, as the manufacturing process itself is dependent on biological processes,” said Parker, the former HHS official. The vaccine developers are continuing to find tweaks that can expedite production without cutting corners. Pfizer is now delivering six doses in each vial instead of five, and Moderna has asked for permission to fill each of its bottles with 15 doses, up from 10. If regulators approve, it would take two or three months to change over production, Moderna spokesman Ray Jordan said on Feb. 13. “It helps speed up and lighten the logistical side of getting vaccines out,” said Lawrence Ganti, president of SiO2, an Alabama company that makes glass vials for the Moderna vaccine. SiO2 expanded production with in funding from the federal government last year, and Ganti said there aren’t any hiccups at his end of the line. $143 million Despite the possibility of sporadic bottlenecks and delays in the coming months, companies appear to have lined up their supply chains to the point that they’re comfortable with their ability to meet current production targets. Massachusetts-based Snapdragon Chemistry received almost $700,000 from HHS' Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority to develop a new way of producing ribonucleoside triphosphates (NTPs), a key raw material for mRNA vaccines. Snapdragon’s technology uses a continuous production line, rather than the traditional process of making batches in big vats, so it’s easier to scale up by simply keeping production running for a longer time. Suppliers have told Snapdragon that they have their raw materials covered for now, according to Matthew Bio, the company’s president and CEO. “They’re saying, ‘We have established suppliers to meet the demand we have for this year,’” Bio said. Photo by on Mufid Majnun Unsplash

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